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Frank Marshall
Marshall 
 

Number of games in database: 1,530
Years covered: 1893 to 1944
Overall record: +607 -364 =439 (58.6%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games in the database. 120 exhibition games, blitz/rapid, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Orthodox Defense (153) 
    D51 D63 D50 D61 D60
 Queen's Pawn Game (75) 
    D00 A46 D02 A45 A40
 Tarrasch Defense (68) 
    D32 D33 D34
 Queen's Gambit Declined (47) 
    D31 D37 D30 D06 D38
 French Defense (43) 
    C01 C12 C13 C10 C00
 Center Game (36) 
    C21 C22
With the Black pieces:
 Petrov (111) 
    C42 C43
 Ruy Lopez (91) 
    C63 C62 C77 C89 C68
 Queen's Pawn Game (67) 
    D02 D00 D05 A46 E10
 Four Knights (57) 
    C49 C48 C47
 French Defense (45) 
    C12 C11 C01 C00 C14
 Queen's Gambit Declined (37) 
    D30 D38 D06 D31 D37
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   S Levitsky vs Marshall, 1912 0-1
   Marshall vs Burn, 1900 1-0
   Marshall vs G Marco, 1904 1-0
   Janowski vs Marshall, 1912 0-1
   Marshall vs Stodie, 1920 1-0
   Marshall vs H Rogosin, 1940 1-0
   Marshall vs Pillsbury, 1904 1-0
   Marshall vs von Scheve, 1904 1-0
   Marshall vs Chigorin, 1905 1-0
   Marshall vs Burn, 1907 1-0

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS: [what is this?]
   Lasker - Marshall World Championship Match (1907)

NOTABLE TOURNAMENTS: [what is this?]
   Cambridge Springs (1904)
   Scheveningen (1905)
   15th DSB Congress, Nuremberg (1906)
   9th American Chess Congress (1923)
   Vienna (1903)
   New York Masters (1915)
   American National (1913)
   Paris (1900)
   Ostend Champions (1907)
   Barmen Meisterturnier A (1905)
   Moscow (1925)
   Karlsbad (1911)
   Monte Carlo (1903)
   Monte Carlo (1902)
   Ostend (1905)

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   3 MARSHALL'S BEST GAMES OF CHESS/hitsujyun by Littlejohn
   MARSHALL'S BEST GAMES OF CHESS by hitsujyun
   My Fifty Years of Chess (Marshall) by Qindarka
   My Fifty Years of Chess (Marshall) by doug27
   My Fifty Years of Chess (Marshall) by fphaase
   Veliki majstori saha 14 MARSHALL (Petrovic) by Chessdreamer
   M&M players... it's a mixed bag of FTB flavors N by fredthebear
   Frank James Robbed Banks and Kings Calm by fredthebear
   1900s GMs Annointed by fredthebear
   SoLong Ago by Littlejohn
   0ZeR0's collected games volume 75 by 0ZeR0
   Janowski vs. Marshall Matches by docjan
   Janowski vs. Marshall Matches by Mal Un
   American Chess Bulletin 1913 by Phony Benoni

GAMES ANNOTATED BY MARSHALL: [what is this?]
   Marshall vs Burn, 1900
   Marshall vs R Short, 1894
   A Kevitz vs Marshall, 1937
   J L McCudden vs Marshall, 1934
   Marshall vs P Gotay, 1936
   >> 10 GAMES ANNOTATED BY MARSHALL


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FRANK MARSHALL
(born Aug-10-1877, died Nov-09-1944, 67 years old) United States of America

[what is this?]

Frank James Marshall, born in New York City on August 10, 1877, was United States champion from 1909-1936 and a respected international competitor for the first quarter of the 20th century.

He began international play by winning the London Minor Tournament (1899). In his major tournament debut at Paris 1900, Marshall tied for 3rd with Geza Maroczy, defeating World Champion Emanuel Lasker in their individual game.

Known for an aggressive style and an ability to get out of trouble that earned him the nickname "The Great Swindler", Marshall recorded both high finishes and disappointing results in elite tournaments. His greatest result was at Cambridge Springs 1904, a stunning triumph where he finished 2 points ahead of Lasker and David Janowski. On the other hand, he finished in mid-field at Ostend 1905. His other successes at this time, which included 1st at Schevenigen 1905, 3rd at Barmen 1905 (1/2-point behind Janowski and Maroczy), and first at Nuremberg 1906 helped him find backing for the Lasker - Marshall World Championship Match (1907). However, he lost this match heavily by a score of +0 -8 =7. He suffered another disaster in Capablanca - Marshall (1909) (+1 -8 =14), but continued to be a dangerous and respected opponent in international play for many years. One of his best results came when he won the Havana tournament of 1913, edging out Capablanca by half a point.

Marshall won the US Championship by defeating Jackson Whipps Showalter in a 1909 match (+7 -2 =3). He defended the title once, against Edward Lasker in 1923 (+5 -4 =9), finally relinquishing it voluntarily in 1936 to allow the championship to be decided by tournament play.

Several opening variations are named after him, most notably Ruy Lopez, Marshall (C89). Though his use of it in Capablanca vs Marshall, 1918 resulted in a loss, the gambit is still studied today and has been played by some of the world's leading players. Many prominent players avoid it as White, believing that there is no way to get a meaningful advantage against it. Another important and well-respected gambit, also referred to as the Marshall Gambit, arises after 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c6 4.e4 dxe4 5.Nxe4 Bb4+ 6.Bd2 Qxd4 7.Bxb4 Qxe4+.

notes: Marshall played consultation chess on the teams of Lasker / Chigorin / Marshall / Teichmann & Marshall / Allies.

Wikipedia article: Frank Marshall (chess player)

Last updated: 2024-06-18 23:29:53

Try our new games table.

 page 1 of 62; games 1-25 of 1,530  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. Steinitz vs Marshall 1-0341893Steinitz Simul 16b, Montreal CCC03 French, Tarrasch
2. Steinitz vs Marshall 1-0261893Steinitz Simul 18b, Heather CCC03 French, Tarrasch
3. Marshall vs R Short 1-0181894ch Montreal CCC51 Evans Gambit
4. J Narraway vs Marshall 0-1241894CAN-chC10 French
5. Marshall vs A T Davison 1-0481894CAN-chC50 Giuoco Piano
6. Pillsbury vs Marshall 0-1341894Blindfold simul, 10bD06 Queen's Gambit Declined
7. Pillsbury vs Marshall 0-1291894Blindfold simulC31 King's Gambit Declined, Falkbeer Counter Gambit
8. Marshall vs W Pollock  1-0291894Pollock Simul 22bC47 Four Knights
9. R Short vs Marshall 0-1221895Inter-club MatchC51 Evans Gambit
10. Marshall vs A Widmer  1-0411896NYSCA Midwinter General TournamentC30 King's Gambit Declined
11. Marshall vs A E Swaffield  0-1221896Marshall - SwaffieldC38 King's Gambit Accepted
12. A E Swaffield vs Marshall 0-1301896Marshall - SwaffieldC44 King's Pawn Game
13. Marshall vs A E Swaffield 1-0241896Marshall - SwaffieldC50 Giuoco Piano
14. G W Jones vs Marshall  0-12518962nd Brooklyn CC Continuous Tournament 1896C50 Giuoco Piano
15. Marshall vs L Karpinski 1-081896Marshall - KarpinskiC10 French
16. Marshall vs W E Napier 0-1231896Napier - MarshallC29 Vienna Gambit
17. W E Napier vs Marshall 1-0471896Napier - MarshallB01 Scandinavian
18. Marshall vs W E Napier 0-1771896Napier - MarshallC55 Two Knights Defense
19. W E Napier vs Marshall ½-½751896Napier - MarshallC02 French, Advance
20. W E Napier vs Marshall  0-1291896Rapid Transit Handicap Tournament000 Chess variants
21. Marshall vs W E Napier ½-½721896Napier - MarshallC50 Giuoco Piano
22. W E Napier vs Marshall 1-0351896Napier - MarshallB06 Robatsch
23. Marshall vs W E Napier 0-1341896Napier - MarshallC45 Scotch Game
24. W E Napier vs Marshall 1-0681896Napier - MarshallC00 French Defense
25. Marshall vs W E Napier 1-0271896Napier - MarshallD31 Queen's Gambit Declined
 page 1 of 62; games 1-25 of 1,530  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Marshall wins | Marshall loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 15 OF 15 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-18-21
Premium Chessgames Member
  Phony Benoni: From the <New York Times>, Monday, March 15, 1943) reporting on the Marshall Chess Club's Metropolitan Chess League Match on the previous Saturday, March 13:

<NARSHALL TRIUMPHS IN SEVEN MOVES

Beats Howard to Pace Victory Over North Jersey at Chess

The Mardhall Chess Club gained another point in the in the senior division of the annual competition for the championship of the Metropolitan Chess League by yesterday defeating the the visiting North Jersey team, 7½ to ½.

"Frank J. Marshall, former national chamion, won from F. Howard in seven moves....>

That's it. No score, no comments or description. Nor have I been able to find a metion of the game elsewhere.

Does anyone have more information about the game. Yes, it's undoubededly a very poor game, no doubt quite embarrassing for Howard. But someone must have been sadistic enough to write down the moves somewhere!

Feb-07-22  arthurp: I enjoy Marshall's games very much but he having the US championship for 30+years?! He did not play a match for the US champ. until 1923 against Edward Lasker.Praising some one for holding onto a championship by not playing anyone is strange.Reshevsky,Dake,Kashdan and others were willing to play.Marshall deserves a lot of credit for the quality of his games and his tournament victories!
Feb-28-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  fredthebear: The next-to-last line says Marshall dies of a heart attack: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial...

I've been to my share of cemeteries but have never seen a headstone w/such a list of names as that including Marshall.

Here's a Bill Wall post: https://www.chess.com/article/view/...

"Move more, sit less" says the CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/...

Feb-28-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: <arthurp: I enjoy Marshall's games very much but he having the US championship for 30+years?! He did not play a match for the US champ. until 1923 against Edward Lasker.Praising some one for holding onto a championship by not playing anyone is strange.>

Depends. If nobody thought they could beat Marshall during that period and he was left "unchallenged" how would that be the man's fault?

Admittedly I have not done a deep dive into Marshall to see if he had asked for an unreasonable amount as stakes for a match, or if he just outright refused to play challengers who offered to play for reasonable stakes, in which case I think one can ding Marshall for skirting challengers to hold the title, but if nobody is willing to risk playing him then I think his time as US Champion should be considered as fairly earned.

Aug-24-22  Fyffe123: Marshall played a telegraph match against Alfred Porter, Saint John NB, on February 1, 1894.

Adjudicated a draw by James Narraway.

Aug-24-22  Fyffe123: In regards to game of the young Marshall (-) with Lasker (+)in the 1892 Montreal simul, any record of the moves have been lost to the dust bin of history.
Aug-24-22  Fyffe123: Young Marshall, p. 10, footnote 29 should read: " La Monde Illustre for Dec. 2, l893"
Oct-05-22  Honest Adin Reviews: too much is spent talking on morphy, that's good but... marshall frank james was great, his u.s. championship longevity is amazing! however he did not defend his title too often!
Mar-21-23  stone free or die: I never realized that Frank's wedding caused such waves, on both sides of the family, just before his departure to Paris.

Hopefully the ocean trip was smoother:

https://bklyn.newspapers.com/image/...

("Was a runaway match" c3)

Mar-21-23  Granny O Doul: I'm wondering where I can get my hand's on some Hale's Honey of Horehound and Tar.

In "My Fifty Years of Chess", Marshall (or whoever actually wrote it) reported that he informed her parents of something like "I have fallen in love with your daughter and I'm going to steal her from you".

Mar-21-23
Premium Chessgames Member
  Dionysius1: <Granny O Doul: I'm wondering where I can get my hand's on some Hale's Honey of Horehound and Tar.>

Blimey, Granny, you're testing me now. You mean as a replacement during NICE's precautionary withdrawal of medications containing Pholcodine?

I liked the sound of Benylin For Chesty Cough when I was a kid. I reckoned he sounded like the next Russian ballet dancer ready to defect. Good old Benny.

Mar-21-23  stone free or die: Horehound - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marru...

I was a little disappointed to see it wasn't an animal extraction.

Jun-17-24  BarakSaltz: I was surprised to find Marshall played the Staunton Gambit (1. d4 f5 2. e4) the largest number of times in the 365Chess database.
Jan-22-25  Petrosianic: Marshall is one of those guys I'd like to like more than I do. But one of the biggest blots on his record is holding the US Championship for 27 years, and defending it only once, and barely winning. (For now, we won't even get into how he got the title in the first place).

But to give Marshall his due, what American players <might> have given him a good run during his reign? Ed Lasker, obviously. He probably deserved another shot if there was no one else. Kashdan was probably better than Marshall by 1930. I know they talked about a match, but couldn't raise the money.

Chajes, forget it. Reshevsky probably didn't eclipse Marshall until 1934 or so. Reuben Fine, probably not until about the same time.

Who else? Steiner? Hanauer? Factor? Horowitz? Dake? Those guys would probably have been longshots, but still you feel Marshall should have played somebody.

Jan-22-25  Petrosianic: Looking at Chajes page, it says he actually challenged Marshall to a match after beating Janowski (Marshall and Janowski played 3 or 4 matches with each other, with mixed results), but that they couldn't come to terms. I wonder how many other people challenged Marshall, but couldn't come to terms? But looking at their head to head, it's hard to believe Marshall wouldn't have beat Chajes.
Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: Marshall's terms appear reasonably common. Might be worth a diving into press reports to see what Chajes couldn't agree to (I suspect he couldn't pull together the $2000 stakes which was the "regular" amount since the mid-1890s).
Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  perfidious: <Petrosianic....But to give Marshall his due, what American players <might> have given him a good run during his reign? Ed Lasker, obviously. He probably deserved another shot if there was no one else. Kashdan was probably better than Marshall by 1930. I know they talked about a match, but couldn't raise the money....>

I have little doubt that Kashdan had outstripped him by then.

<....Chajes, forget it. Reshevsky probably didn't eclipse Marshall until 1934 or so. Reuben Fine, probably not until about the same time....>

The coming out party for the youngsters was, of course, Syracuse, held that year. Chajes was an afterthought by that time.

Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  Williebob: Obviously we can cut Marshall a little bit of slack during the War years, when thoughts of a US Championship match must have been on ice. But for the remainder of the period circa 1911 to 1934, one must wonder if Capablanca's regular Stateside presence also had an effect on potential funding. Who cares about staging a match for the US Championship when the future/soon to be World Champion is showing up at all the major US events, and usually dominating? I do not know if this thought ever made it to the chess press, but I can imagine private talks invoking Capa and his relentless trouncing of America's best.
Jan-23-25  Petrosianic: Yeah, I'd definitely cut him slack during WWI, partly because I don't know who could have hoped to beat him then anyway. Lasker is really the only one who comes to mind until the late 20's.

The Capablanca-Marshall match was for the US title when it was played, but then retroactively wasn't.

Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: "Oscar Chajes, chess champion of New York State, who recently defeated J (sic). Janowski of Paris in a set match, has his eye on the United States championship now held by Frank J. Marshall of this city. The friends of Chajes, elated over his success at the expense of the French champion, are eager to see him try conclusions with a worthy opponent in a contest for the American title, which has not been played for since Marshall defeated Showalter of Kentucky.

Negotiations have been started by Chajes through the medium of a friendly letter addressed to Marshall inviting the champion to state his terms."
-New York <Sun>, 1918.06.02, Section 7, p7

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

"Frank J. Marshall, United States chess champion, yesterday notified Oscar Chajes, New York State champion, who challenged him recently, that he is prepared to play him for the title under the match conditions outlined by the international masters at St. Petersburg early in 1914, which call for a match of eight games up, draws not counting. The national champion first favored a match of twenty games, which which draws were to count half a point each, the same as in tournaments, but this method places too great a handicap upon the player who is behind in the score.

Marshall also suggests $2,000 as the amount of the purse for which the match should be played."
-New York <Sun>, 1918.06.19, Section 7, p5

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

"Frank J. Marshall has written to Oscar Chajes in relation to the latter's challenge to the effect that he is prepared to play him a match of eight games up, beginning on October 2 with the proviso that he will put at stake his title of United States chess champion only if a purse of $2,000 be raised. The American champion requires that the agreement be signed on or before August 1. He further demands that the sessions of play last not less than six hours, provided the games are not over within that time."
-<Brooklyn Daily Eagle>, 1918.06.20, Pictures and Sports Section, p2

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

"Oscar Chajes has declared his readiness to meet Frank J. Marshall for the American championship for a purse of $2000, the agreement to be signed by August 1, play to begin October 2. We imagine the only possible hitch in this match will be the question of raising a purse of $2000."
-<Philadelphia Inquirer>, 1918.07.07, Feature Section, p6

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: After this, Chaves came in second behind Kupchik in the Rye Beach Masters' Tournament sponsored by the Manhattan Chess Club.

So perhaps Chajes' backers got cold feet and he couldn't raise the stakes before the August deadline?

No further mention seems to be made about Chajes' challenge in the press.

Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  Williebob: Thank you, Mister Pope - good stuff!

According to www.usinflationcalculator.com, $2,000 in 1918 would get you about $41,000 in 2024. Not an insurmountable sum on the face of it, but that number likely doesn't illuminate the total expense of staging such a match in those days (especially while the war raged on).
Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  Williebob: <Petro: The Capablanca-Marshall match was for the US title when it was played, but then retroactively wasn't.>

That's what got me thinking about the 'Capa factor' in terms of the US title. Capablanca was happy to be considered "Champion of the Americas" in 1909, and no one pushed back, since Marshall was well-established as the top US player and got crushed like a bug!

Champion of the Americas. Could be the only "title" in chess history that existed for only one player?
Jan-23-25
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: (forgive the typos, I was trying to beat the <CG> outage clock)
Jan-23-25  Petrosianic: <Williebob>: <Champion of the Americas. Could be the only "title" in chess history that existed for only one player?>

Another such title is "Champion of the Western Hemisphere". Reshevsky and Najdorf played two matches for it in the early 50's. Reshevsky won both, and the title was quietly forgotten shortly after Fischer won his first US Championship.

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