Milton Loeb Hanauer vs Israel Albert Horowitz (1936)

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Milton Loeb Hanauer vs Israel Albert Horowitz
United States Championship (1936), New York, NY USA, rd 1, Apr-25
Budapest Defense: Adler Variation (A52) · 0-1

White to move.

ANALYSIS [x]

0-1

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Jun-20-14		jrofrano: I have annotated this game on my blog available here: http://lifezugzwang.com/the-us-cham...

Apr-12-20		KEG: A real old-fashioned crush. Hanauer became flustered when Horowitz rolled out the Budapest Gambit and was lost by move 16 (as White!) 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e5?! The Budapest Gambit. This later became a favorite of Arthur Bisguier. We can debate its soundness, but to my knowledge it has never been refuted. It certainly had shock value in this game for Horowitz. 3. dxe5 Ng4 4. Nf3 4. Bf4 is another popular line. 4... Bc5 5. e3 Nc6 6. a3 One of many reasonable lines for White. The wildest is perhaps 6. Qd5, but after 6...Qe7 Black should come out just fine. 6... a5 To inhibit b4 by White. 7. Nc3 7. e6 and 7. Nd4 are interesting alternatives. 7... Ngxe5 click for larger view 8. Be2 Played with seemingly no ambition beyond surviving the opening. 8. NxN and 8. Nd4 were the ways to play for some advantage. 8... 0-0 8...NxN+ seems the simplest road to equality. 8...d6 also looks good. But Horowitz wanted more, and--by bewildering Hanauer--quickly overran the White position. 9. 0-0 9. Nd4 is more ambitious, but the text is certainly OK and good enough for an even game. 9... d6 10. b3 Nd4 was again somewhat stronger. But Hanauer was still OK at this point. 10... NxN+ 11. BxN Ne5 More aggressive than the sound 11...Re8, which may be theoretically best. After 11...Ne5, the position was: click for larger view To this point, Hanauer had not done anything terrible and the game was pretty much in the balance. 12. Bb2 12. Be2 avoiding the trade of Knight for Bishop seems simplest for White. But the text was also completely playable. 12... Qh4?! Terror tactics by Horowitz that worked like a charm. 12...NxB+ was logical, and 12...Re8 and 12...Qg5 were also solid choices. 13. Nd5 Weak. Hanauer would have had some edge with 13. h3 or 13. Be2. but he misjudged the position. 13... c6! Simple and effective. Horowitz suddenly had the better chances: click for larger view 14. Nc3 Sheepishly admitted his last move was a lemon. Hanauer would still have been about even with 14. Nf4 or 14. g3 or perhaps 14. b4. 14... Bf5 Horowitz' Bishops now gave him what edge there was in the position. 15. Be2 Rae8 15...Rfe8 was perhaps stronger, but as soon becomes clear Horoqitz knew exactly what he was doing. 16. Qd2? Hanauer would have had a playable game with 16. Na4. But now, he was a dead duck, as Horowitz promptly demonstrated, the position after 16. Qd2? being: click for larger view Black to play and win.

Apr-12-20		KEG: Post II I should have mentioned in my last post that user <jrofrano> correctly identified 16. Qd2? as the losing move back in 2014. After 16. Qd2?, Horowitz found the crushing/winning move: 16... Re6! It is easy to forget that Rooks not only can be potent attacking pieces when moving vertically; they can also be devastating when deployed horizontally. Emmanuel Lasker was especially adept at using Rooks in this manner. In the first game of Lasker's 1907 world championship match against Marshall, Lasker used the horizontal power of his Rook to destroy his opponent. Here, Horowitz recognized the power of his Rook on his third rank, from which it could slide over to h6 with crushing effect. The power of 16...Re6 was so significant here I feel another diagram is warranted: click for larger view Hanauer was almost certainly lost at this point. He might nevertheless have been able to put up a fight by sacrificing his Queen for Rook and Bishop: 17. e4 Rh6 18. QxR QxQ 19. exB. Not a great situation for White, but it was light-years better than what happened to Hanauer after: 17. Nd1?? What followed was a massacre: 17... Rh6 Ouch! click for larger view Hanauer might have spared himself what followed. 18. BxN Protecting h2, but for only one move. If instead 18. h3 immediately, Horowitz would have played the cute 18...Bxh3! one move early. 18... dxB 19. h3 click for larger view 19... Bxh3! Horowitz could also have won with 19...Rd8 (20. g3 RxQ 21. gxQ RxB) or with 19...Rg6 (20. Bg4 BxB 21. hxB Rh6 22. f3 Rd8 23. Qe2 Be7 24. Re1 Qh1+ 25. Kf2 Bh4+ 26. g3 Qh2+ 27. Kf1 Qxg3), but the text is definitely the most satisfying line. 20. g3 20. gxB Qxh3 would have been--if possible--even worse for White (e.g., 21. Bh5 [forced] RxB 22. f4 Rg4). 20... Qe4 Horowitz did not give Hanauer a moment to catch his breath. 21. f3 Qg6 click for larger view 22. Kf2 Else 22...Qxg3+ follows. Now White is down a pawn (soon to be two pawns) plus the exchange, while Black's attack continues unabated. 22... BxR 23. BxB click for larger view 23... e4 This was one of several ways to finish off the game. Faster were 23...f5; 23...Qh5; and 23...Qh2+. 24. f4 Qg4 24...Rh2+ also wins. 25. Bg2 Rg6 26. Kf1 Qxg3 27. Qf2 QxQ+ 28. KxQ f5 click for larger view So Hanauer had made it to the ending. But there was now nothing left to play for. 29. Ra2 Hopeless, but so was everything else. 29... Rd6 29...Rd8 was perhaps even more brutal. 30. Nc3 Allowing a particularly nasty finish: 30... Rd3 click for larger view 0-1

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