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Carl Schlechter vs Geza Maroczy
Monte Carlo (1902), Monte Carlo MNC, rd 12, Feb-21
French Defense: Classical. Swiss Variation (C11)  ·  1-0

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
a
1
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
White to move.
ANALYSIS [x]
Notes by Stockfish 9 v010218 (minimum 7s/ply)better is 4...c5 5.Nf3 c4 6.Be2 Bb4 7.exd5 exd5 8.O-O O-O = -0.15 (28 ply)= +0.50 (28 ply) after 5.e5 Nd7 6.Nf3 Nb4 7.Bg5 Be7 8.Bxe7 Qxe7 9.a3 Nxd3+ better is 6.O-O Bxc3 7.exd5 Nxd4 8.bxc3 Nxf3+ 9.Qxf3 Qxd5 ⩲ +0.71 (27 ply)= 0.00 (30 ply) 7.Bd2 Bxc3 8.bxc3 Nxd2 9.Nxd2 b6 10.O-O a5 11.f4 h6 = +0.33 (29 ply)= -0.46 (26 ply) 9...Nxd4 10.Nxd4 Bxd4 11.Bb5+ c6 12.Qxd4 cxb5 13.Rxb5 = -0.26 (28 ply) ⩲ +0.80 (26 ply)better is 11.Rb3 Bxd4 12.Nxd4 Nxd4 13.Qh5+ Kd7 14.Rc3 Qg8 15.Re1 ⩲ +1.09 (25 ply)= +0.46 (27 ply) after 11...Qd7 12.Bd2 Bxd2 13.Qxd2 Rg8 14.Rfe1 a5 15.c4 Nb4 better is 13.Nh4 Kd8 14.Rb1 Na5 15.Qf3 Bd6 16.Rfe1 Qf7 17.Be2 Rg8 ⩲ +0.51 (24 ply) 13...Bd7 14.c3 Ba5 15.Rxb7 Bb6 16.c4 Qa3 17.c5 Qxd3 = 0.00 (29 ply) ⩲ +1.25 (26 ply) 15...O-O 16.Re1 Kh8 17.d5 Ne5 18.Nxe5 fxe5 19.Rg3 exd5 ⩲ +1.13 (26 ply)+- +2.98 (24 ply) after 16.Nh4 Qg7 17.Re1 Rg8 18.Qh5+ Qf7 19.Qf3 a5 20.Nf5 Rg6 18...Nf7 19.Rbe3 a5 20.Bxe6 Bxe6 21.Rxe6 Qd7 22.Qb1 Nd8 +- +2.77 (25 ply)+- +5.37 (27 ply)better is 22.Rg3+ Ng6 23.Bg5 Qg7 24.Bh6 Qf7 25.Bxf8 b5 26.Bb3 Kxf8 +- +6.08 (31 ply)+- +2.75 (32 ply) 27.Rf6 Rg7 28.g3 Rb8 29.Bxe6 Bxe6 30.Rxe6 Qb4 31.Rd1 Qg4 +- +2.73 (28 ply) ± +1.68 (31 ply)better is 30.Qe6 Qb4 31.Rdd1 Rfg7 32.Qf6 Qe7 33.g3 Rf8 34.Qd6 Qxd6 ± +1.94 (29 ply) ⩲ +1.28 (33 ply) after 30...Qb4 31.Rdd1 Qc3 32.Kh1 Qc2 33.Qh4 Qc6 34.f3 Qc2 31...Qc3 32.Kh1 Qc2 33.Qh4 Qg6 34.Qh3 Qg4 35.Qxg4 Rxg4 ⩲ +1.38 (30 ply) ± +2.21 (28 ply) 32...Rfg7 33.g3 Rg8 34.Qh4 fxg3 35.hxg3 Rf8 36.Re2 Qb6 ± +2.20 (26 ply)+- +4.47 (27 ply) 33...Re7 34.Qxf3 Kg8 35.Rc1 Qd8 36.Qb3 Kh8 37.Rcd1 Qf8 +- +3.85 (26 ply)+- +12.35 (25 ply)37...Qa6 38.Rd6 Qa4 39.Rd8 Qc6+ 40.Qxc6 bxc6 41.e8=Q h6 +- mate-in-161-0

rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1
FEN COPIED

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Kibitzer's Corner
Nov-01-10  laikn1: Hehe! No comment for this game? Strange!
Mar-10-12  zev22407: A fine attacking game by Schelechter
Mar-11-12
Premium Chessgames Member
  DrNyet: Interesting. It hadn't occurred to me before, but if a system is desired to make wins more valuable than the normal scoring system, leaving wins worth 1 point and making draws worth only 1/3 (or some other fraction less than 1/2) seems easier to follow -- somehow more intuitive -- than making wins worth 3 points as we've seen lately.
Mar-11-12
Premium Chessgames Member
  wwall: There were 20 players in this event.
Maroczy only lost only to Schlechter and Gunsberg. Draws were 1/4 point.

Perhaps Maroczy shouldn't have castled kingside as White gets a good attack after 17.Nh4-Nf3-Ne5-Qh5. 17.Bh6 would also have been good after 17...Rf7 18.Ne5 fxe5 19.Rg3+

After 20.Qh5, White threatens 21.Rg3+.

23.Bxc5! was good, which deflects Black's queen from going to g7 later.

25.Rxg6+! looks strong, since 25...hxg6 allows 26.Qxg6+ Kh8 27.Re3, threatening 28.Rh3 mate.

After 28.Rxe6, now White is a pawn up in a good endgame.

Instead of 30.Rd3, perhaps stronger is 30.Qe6

32...f3 looks weak. Perhaps 32...Kg7 or 32...h6.

33...Rxg2+ looks hopeless. Perhaps 22...Re7 23.Qxf3 Kg8.

After 35.Qxf3, Black can resign.

Nov-24-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  KEG: A fine game by Schlechter who grabbed the initiative with a fine pawn sacrifice on move 7, followed up aggressively, and then obtained a winning attack after Maroczy's misplays on moves 14 and 15. From that point on, though not always selecting the fastest lines to victory, never gave Maroczy any real chances to recover.

Prior to this 12th round game, Maroczy had been undefeated and appeared to be coasting to first place. After this loss,however, his margin over second-place Pillsbury narrowed, and Maroczy had to struggle through the concluding of his final game to take the title by a mere 1/4th of a point.

Maroczy and Schlechter were evenly matched. All ten of their earlier games were drawn, and over the course of their careers, their rivalry ended at two victories each with 29 draws,

This game is a reminder--if such were truly needed--that Schlechter was one of the giants of the early 20th century until his untimely and tragic death from the Spanish epidemic in 1918, Schlechter held his own with all the other top players other than Emanuel Lasker (who despite their drawn match in 1980 ended with five wins against two loses to Schlechter lifetime [plus 12 draws]); Pillsbury (against whom Schlechter seemed unable to compete and won eight games against Schlechter's two--with nine draws); Akiba Rubinstein(who had a record of 6 wins against two losses against two loses against Schlechter and was the only player to prevail in a set match against Schlechter) and--most surprisingly--Frank Marshall whose record of 8-5-20 against Schlechter does not in my opinion reflect the actual relative strength of these two players. Meanwhile, Schlecter had substantial plus scores against Tchigorin; Janowsk, Gunsberg,and Reti, and also plus lifetime scores against Alekhine, Nimzovitsch, Spielman and Vidmar, and only slightly negative scores against Tarrasch, Teichmann, Bernstein, and Blackburne.

Schlether's overall score against the four world champions he played (Lasker, Capablanca, Alekhine, and Steinitz) was seven wins,seven draws, and 15 draws.

What a loss for chess that Schlechter was not around in the 1920's!

1. e4 e6

Maroczy knew the French Defense well, but here Schlechter had a surprise for him.

2. Nc3

A harmless transposition instead of just playing the usual 2. d4.

2... d5
3. d4 Nf6

So we have a normal Classical variation in the French Defense.

4. Bd3


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A Blackburn favorite at the time, but not otherwise frequently played before this game. The move got a serious work-out in the 1907 Lasker-Marshall match in which Lasker played 4. Bd3 three times as White, winning all three games.

Objectively, 4. Bd3 with best play yields no edge to White. But here, Maroczy had his own surprise. Instead of the usual equalizing 4...c5, Maroczy played:

4... Nc6


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This blocks the Black c-pawn and looks awkward. I know of only two instances in which this move was played before the instant game, and only a few later examples. Nonetheless, I agree with the Tournament Book that Maroczy almost certainly knew what he was doing.

5. Nf3

5. e5 is another way to combat Maroczy's unusual variation, but the solid text is also good and in accordance with Schlechter's slow but steady positional and attacking style.

5... Bb4

Marcozy's move is probably as good as the alternative: 5...Nb4.

6. e5

As always, Schlechter was in no rush. 6. Bg5 and 6. exd5 (and maybe 6...0-0) are the critical lines in assessing the merits of the variation played here by Maroczy.

6... Ne4!


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The move Maroczy must have been planning. It appears to equalize. But Maroczy probably had not reckoned on the pawn sacrifice that Schlechter now sprang on him here that made the game the exciting struggle it soon became.

Nov-24-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  KEG: Post II

7. 0-0?!

7. Bd2 was the solid choice, but Schlechter decided rapid development and attacking chances were worth a pawn. The text defined much of what followed. Maroczy was a dangerous opponent against whom to sacrifice a pawn, but Schlechter knew how to exploit the sorts of chances he got here.

7... NxN

Accepting the proffered pawn. In fact, anything else would be bad for Black.

8. bxN Bxc3

Once again, anything else would put Black in serious difficulties. Besides, a pawn is a pawn...right?

9. Rb1


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Time to take stock. White plainly has compensation for the pawn. The immediate question, of course, was whether Maroczy could afford to grab the Whited-pawn. The Tournament Book contended that 9...Nxd4 was best and equalizes. In fact, chances would be about equal after 9...Nxd4 10. NxN BxN 12. Bb5+ c6 [obviously forced] 12. QxB cxB and now 13. Rxb5 [and not the Tournament Book's suggested 13. Qg4?! Kf8 14. Rxb5 which leaves Black better] leaves the game very much in the balance, with Black a pawn ahead but White much better developed.

The question presented was whether Black could do better than this. The best chance of accomplishing this would have been with the prophylactic 9...h6 which probably leaves Black with slightly better chances. But Maroczy thought there was more in the offing for Black and courted trouble with:

9... f5?!
10. exf6 e.p. gxf6


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Maroczy's idea left him in a difficult position, since Black's busted King-side was more than adequate compensation for White's pawn minus.

Schlechter here seemingly had a number of ways to try to exploit his initiative. The simplest was probably to regain the pawn with 11. Bxh7 RxB 12. Qd3 leaving White much better placed. Other good aggressive options for White were 11. Rb3 (probably best); 11. Bb5 and maybe 11. Be2 followed by Rb3 and Nh4.

But as always in these sorts of situations, Schlechter was in no hurry:

11. Be3

A nice example of Schlechter's style: slowly building an attack while giving his opponent little to work with:


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11... Qe7!

Nicely combining defense with offensive.

12. Rb3!

Schlechter rightly concluded that having his Rook poised to operate on his third rank would put the most pressure on Black.

12... Bb4

Probably superior to 12...Ba5.

How now should Schlechter proceed to justify his pawn sacrifice:


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13. Bd2

The computers give 13. Nh4 with a small edge to White. Schlechter, however, continued methodically, apparently confident that he could retain compensation for the pawn by denying Maroczy counterplay.

13... Bd6?

A surprisingly lame effort from the usually reliable Maroczy. 13...Bd7 would leave approximately equal chances for both sides. By contrast, the text gave Schlechter an opportunity he was now slow to exploit:

14. c4!

"!"--(Tournament Book)


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Suddenly, and despite his pawn minus, all the chances lay with White. To hold the position, Maroczy had to play precisely. But Maroczy's next two moves were sloppy and gave Schlechter a winning advantage that he never relinquished.

Nov-24-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  KEG: Post III

14... dxc4?

This and the following moves are rare examples of sloppiness by the usually careful Maroczy. He needed to defend and get his Queen off e7 (both to make room for his d6 Bishop and also to defend and avoid pins on the e-file. He thus should have played 14...Qf7 or 14...Qg7. The text, by contrast, only fueled Schlechter's attack.

15. Bxc4


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15... Nd8?

Just awful and leaving Maroczy in a hopeless position. Much better were 15...0-0 or 15...Qf7 or 15...Bd7.

16. Re1

Schlechter's relentless technique from this point is a delight to play over.

16. Nh4 immediately was also very strong.

16... 0-0

<wwall> rightly condemns this move. While not sufficient to cure all of Black's ills, 16...Rg8 or 16...Qf7 would have offered tougher resistance. After the text, Schlechter's patient attack only gained momentum with the Black King sitting nearly undefended on g8:


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17. Nh4

17. Bh6, as pointed out on this site by [wwall] was another powerful method of proceeding for White.

17... f5

"Black has no choice. 17. Nf5 must be prevented." (Tournament Book)

The text drastically exposes the Black King-side. But like the Tournament Book, I see nothing better.

White's attack now practically plays itself:


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18. Nf3

A typically patient but lethal Schlechter attacking scheme with his Knight now eyeing e5. Perhaps even stronger was 18. Rh3 immediately but, as always, Schlechter was in no hurry.

18... c6?

Uncharacteristic panic by Maroczy. In his current wretched position, he might as well have tried something like 18...b5?! or 18...f4. But neither of these suggestions were likely to save the day against Schlechter.

19. Ne5


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With the third rank cleared for Schlechter's Rook to come to h3 or g3 and with his Queen and dark-square Bishop set to join the fray, it is easy to understand why Maroczy faltered badly here--not that it mattered much to the eventual outcome.

19... Nf7

Further strangling his own forces, but I have no great ideas for Black here.

20. Qh5

Perhaps even faster would have been 20. Rg3+ Kh8 21. Qh5 BxN 22. dxB Rg8 23. RxR+ KxR 24. Re3 [bringing his remaining Rook to the assault via the third rank]f4 [there is nothing batter] 25. Rh3 Ng5 26. Rh4 Bd7 27. Bxf4 etc.

20... BxN?

Schlecther's almost plodding attack apparently frustrated Maroczy into this unfortunate (for him) exchange. But even the "better" 20...f4 had no real prospect of saving the day.

As <wwall> points out, White threatened the crushing 21. Rg3+

21. dxB

A more interesting winning idea is 21. Rh3 Nh8 22. RxB Rf7 23. Rxf5 RxR 24. QxR Bd7 25. Qb1 threatening...well just about everything.

But Schlechter's move was entirely efficient. White was still down a pawn, but Black by now was sunk.

21... Nh8

Forced, but hopeless.


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Nov-24-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  KEG: Post IV

22. Bb4

"?"--(Tournament Book)

As the Tournament Book noted, 22. Rg3+ Ng6 23. Bh6 followed by a [very temporary] exchange sacrifice on g6 "wins easily" [e.g., 23...Bd7 24. RxN+ hxN 25. Qxg6+ Kh8 26. BxR RxB 27. Re3]

22. Bh6 was also a killer.

But the Tournament Book's "?" is unjustified since less exciting move also wins.

22... c5

Pretty much forced.


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23. Bxc5

"!"--<wwall>

The text, as <wwall> notes, deflects the Black Queen from getting to g7.

Schlecter could have accomplished much the same thing with 24. Rg3+ Ng6 25. Bxc5

23... QxB
24. Rg3+ Ng6


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25. RxN+ Kh8

As per <wwall>, if 25...hxR 26. Qxg6+ Kh8 27. Re3 threatening 28. Rh3 mate and forcing Black to give up his Queen.

26. Qh6

26. Qh4 was probably faster, but Schlechter's move does the job quite adequately.

26... Rf7

26...Qe7 might have offered stronger resistance--for a while at least. But Black is lost in either case.

After 26...Rf7, the position was:


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27. Bxe6

27. Rd1 or 27. Rf6 would have been faster. But Schlechter's move also clearly wins (and with the move-30 time control approaching, may have been the best practical choice in over-the-board play).

27... BxB
28. RxB

To cite the superb analysis of <wwall> on this game yet again, White was now "a pawn up in a good endgame:


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28... Rg8

The Tournament Book could find nothing better for Black, and neither can I.

29. Rd6 f4

A final desperate try by Maroczy to create complications:


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30. Rd3

30. Qe6 as suggested by <wwall> is the killer, but this was the last move for Schlechter before the move 30 time-control, so I am loath to fault Schlechter's selection of what was also a winning move.

30... Qa5
31. Rdd1 Rg6

31...Qc3 was marginally better.

32. Qh3


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Nov-24-22
Premium Chessgames Member
  KEG: Post V

32... f3!?

A wild coffee-house idea which <wwall> not unreasonable says "looks weak." His recommendation of 32...Kg7 was almost certainly theoretically superior, but after 33. Re4 the end for Black would have been near.

33. e6

Game over:


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33... Rxg2+?

Appropriately characterized as "hopeless" by <wwall>, But his suggested 33...Re7, though not leading to a quick mate, would also lose quickly after 34, Qxf3 Kg8 35. Qb3

After the text, Schlechter finished off the game briskly.

34. Kh1 Re7
35. Qxf3


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"Black can resign." (<wwall>)

Agreed!

35... Rg8
36. Qf6+ Reg7

37. e7


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1-0

A cute finish to a well-played game by Schlechter.

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