Abdel Irada: <<•>Life, the Universe and Everything<•>>On asking myself what move it was, I found the answer was in fact Forty-Two, whereupon I had to find out what the question was. However, I soon realized I wasn't in a Douglas Adams story: The question is, what is Black to do to win on this forty-second move (even if it actually takes more than forty seconds)? And having proposed the Answer to that question, it remained to try to falsify it, or, failing to do that, to post it as my solution.
Momentarily worried by all the pins on the knight, I was first tempted by 42. ...Qxg3†?, but after 43. fxg3, f2†; 44. Kg2 I could find no adequate follow-up. Then I knew the Answer must demand moving the knight after all.
<<•>42. ...Nxg3!>
The threat is 43. ...Ne2†† followed by mate on g3. Here White has four replies to consider, the last of which will constitute the main line.
<(1) 43. fxg3?, Qxg3†
44. Kf1/Kh1, Qg2#>
<(2) 43. Bxf5†?, Nxf5†
44. 44. Kf1/Kh1/Kh2, Qg2#>
<(3) 43. Kh2?, Qh4†
44. Kg1, Qh1#>
<<•>(4) 43. Rxe7†, Kg6!>
Taking time to recapture would also take the queen off g5, which would be fatal to Black's chances. And retreating to the back rank would allow 44. Qb8† followed by mate.
<<•>44. Re6†...>
Of course not 44. Bxf5†?, Nxf5†; 45. Kf1 (45. Kh1/Kh2??, Qg2#), Qg2†; 46. Ke1, Qg1†; 47. Kd2, Qxb1
.
<<•>44. ...Kh5
45. fxg3 ...>
Others: (a) 45. Kh2?, Qh4†, mating as in line (3). (b) 45. Bxf5?, Ne2†† and mate next move. (c) 45. Rxh6†, Kxh6 and nothing has changed since White has no other checks.
<<•>45. ...Qxg3†
46. Kf1, Qg2†
47. Ke1, f2†
48. Kd1...>
On 48. Ke2/Kd2?, f1=Q† and the extra queen wins.
<<•>48. ...f1=Q†
49. Bxf1...>
If 49. Re1, Qxd3†
.
<<•>49. ...Qxf1†
50. Re1, Qf3†
51. Kc1, Qc3†
52. Kd1, Bxb1
>
With queen and bishop vs. rook and pawn, Black will win without undue exertion.
The moral: Forty-Two may be the Answer, but it is not a complete answer. To find that, one must know the entire Question. In this case, that question is answered by a paradoxical-looking knight sacrifice that loses a rook but gains a queen.