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Scotch Game (C45)
1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nc6 3 d4 exd4 4 Nxd4

Number of games in database: 14289
Years covered: 1819 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 36.0%
   Black wins 30.9%
   Draws 33.1%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Sergei Rublevsky  108 games
Joseph Blackburne  98 games
Dusko Pavasovic  97 games
Vladimir Malaniuk  58 games
Oleg Romanishin  56 games
Michele Godena  55 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Karjakin vs V Malinin, 2002
Marshall vs G Marco, 1904
L Maczuski vs Kolisch, 1863
T Lichtenhein vs Morphy, 1857
Showalter vs Gossip, 1889
NN vs Bird, 1888
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 page 1 of 572; games 1-25 of 14,289 
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. W J Lewis vs W Perry 0-1211819USA Queen corrC45 Scotch Game
2. London vs Edinburgh CC 0-1521824Correspondence MatchC45 Scotch Game
3. Nottingham City vs Cambridge 1-0291837Correspondence mC45 Scotch Game
4. von der Lasa vs C Mayet 1-0361839BerlinC45 Scotch Game
5. P Bilguer vs Ribbeck  1-0261839BerlinC45 Scotch Game
6. C Mayet vs Szen  ½-½541839Szen in BerlinC45 Scotch Game
7. Szen vs C Mayet  0-1411839Szen in BerlinC45 Scotch Game
8. von der Lasa vs Szen  0-1271839Szen in BerlinC45 Scotch Game
9. W Popert vs Staunton ½-½561840MatchC45 Scotch Game
10. W Hanstein vs von der Lasa  1-0391841BerlinC45 Scotch Game
11. W Hanstein vs von der Lasa  ½-½521841BerlinC45 Scotch Game
12. W Hanstein vs von der Lasa  ½-½581841BerlinC45 Scotch Game
13. von der Lasa vs W Hanstein  1-0351841BerlinC45 Scotch Game
14. Staunton vs Cochrane 1-0341841Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
15. Staunton vs NN 1-0481841Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
16. Cochrane vs Staunton 0-1241841Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
17. I Calvi vs Kieseritzky 1-0331842MatchC45 Scotch Game
18. I Calvi vs Kieseritzky 1-0271842MatchC45 Scotch Game
19. NN vs Staunton 0-1641842Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
20. C Stanley vs J Brown  0-1531842MatchC45 Scotch Game
21. C Stanley vs J Schulten  0-1351844Stanley - Schulten m(1)C45 Scotch Game
22. H Kennedy vs B Greville  0-1281844Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
23. C Blankensteiner vs Bledow  0-1321844MatchC45 Scotch Game
24. Horwitz vs G Walker  1-0471846Casual gameC45 Scotch Game
25. L von Perenyi vs W Hanstein  1-0351846MatchC45 Scotch Game
 page 1 of 572; games 1-25 of 14,289 
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2)  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 4 OF 9 ·  Later Kibitzing>
Mar-06-05  erasmus: 13...a5 14.♖fd1 ♗e7 15.♖d4 <I was not happy about this move, I felt my rook would be unsafe there> 15...♖c8 16.♕g3 <attacking both the g7 and the d6 pawn, if black tries to save the d-pawn I had no intention to take the g-pawn since black could then harass my queen with Rg8> 16...d5 17.exd5 ♘xd5 18.♗xc4 ♗f6 19.♗b5+ ♔f8 20.♗d6+ ♔g8 21.♗e5 ♖xc2 <Here comes the easy combination> 22.♗xf6 ♕xf6 23.♖xd5 <Bxd5?? Qb8+ and black will be mated in 2> 23...♖c8 24.♖d2 g6 25.♘c1 ♔g7 26.♘d3 ♖hd8 27.♖ad1 ♗b3 28.♖e1 ♗c2 29.♖c1 ♕e7? <This loses another piece> 30.♖dxc2 ♖xc2 31.♖xc2 1-0 <black resigned>

Any comments would be very welcome.

Mar-19-05  ongyj: <MUG> Thanks for pointing out those! <erasmus> I find White outplaying Black thoughout the entire game. White has big lead in development after move 10. Indeed 13.Nd5 may be better than 13.Na2 but it's not so easy or direct to see. In addition I think White may try 15.e5!? which looks favourable for White in my opinion. I wonder since you find 15.Rd4 unpleasant why do you still play it? Is it due to time factor or other reasons? If I'm Black I'll probably try the interesting looking 15...d5 with the prospects of a ...Bc5 cheapo and threatening ...Nxe4. That's all I can offer.
Mar-26-05  erasmus: thanks <ongyj> for your analysis. The reason why I didn't like 15. Rd4 is psychological. I never like putting one of my rooks in the middle while there are still so many pieces on the board, because I have been beaten like that for so many times. It's very strange though, because in many games I sacrifice a rook for a minor piece to get more tactical chances.
Mar-29-05  Vanpat: Hello to all of you.
Do you have any advise about how to start playing the scotch. I own a french book by FM geenen (which is one of my compatriot but the book is probably out of date >> 1992 !!) any comment is welcome
thank you
patrick
Apr-02-05  MUG: Hi <Vanpet>, welcome to the site.

<Do you have any advise about how to start playing the scotch?> For starters, I recommend highly the book by Peter Wells: The Scotch Game (batsford 1998). And to study some of the games by Kasparov with this opening.

I believe the two most important lines to study in the Scotch are:

1) 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Bc5
after 5.Nxc6 Qf6 6.Qd2 dxc6.
Here Black can generate active piece play but he has serious long term disadvantages and his problem is rather more then just doubled pawns. <The point is that the c-pawns fall on his majority wing and hence very simplified endings are bad news (especially pawn endings which are, other things being equal, simply lost). White has the simple plan of creating a passed pawn by the advance of his e- and f-pawns. Black has no such equivalent. - Wells>. So generally White should head for an ending by exchanging Blacks most active pieces.

2) 2. 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nxc6 bxc6 Here White should seek to develop quickly, but also give priority to hindering the development of the opponent. He will also enjoy a good space advantage after 6.e5 Qe7 7.Qe2 Nd5 8.c5 Ba6 9.b3 ... In contrast to variation 1, White should perhaps not rush into an endgame (although they are still often good) as the side with a space advantage should avoid exchanges.

Hope this helps.

Apr-16-05  ongyj: <MUG> Just a quick question: is 6...Qxc6 playable? If not like what you've said, White has a promising endgame. Also, I think it may be easier for White to play 5.Nb3.
Apr-19-05  MUG: Hi <ongyi>
6…Qxc6 is sometimes played, but I wouldn’t recommend it! Despite what I said in the previous Kibitz, 6…dxc6 is far superior. Sure 6…dxc6 can lead to an inferior endgame, but in return for this Black gets very active piece play and can sometimes force a victory before an endgame is even reached! 6…Qxc6 does not develop a piece (quick development is often important in these lines) and does not fight for a share of the centre (6…dxc6 gives Black control of the important d5 square).

Looking into the Chessgames Opening Explorer, after 6…Qxc6 White wins 57% of games (with Black 24% and Draw 19%). After 7.Bd3 this increases to 75% in Whites favour.

M Manakova vs M Costagliola, 2001

Macieja vs Grosse Honebrink,B, 2001

Concerning 5. Nb3, this is very playable, but I do not consider it a critical line as Black can continue development without too much fuss. Of course though, this is down to personal taste.

Apr-19-05  shortsight: Hi, I play the Scotch when I don't feel like playing Ruy Lopez. For: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nxc6 bxc6, most probably Black already expect White to continue: 6.e5 Qe7 7.Qe2 Nd5, and here White can choose between c4 and Nd2. But I often met with a struggling win for White in this variation, so I sometimes choose to differ from move 6 with 6.Bd3 instead.
Apr-22-05  Vanpat: thanks a lot for your advise MUG,
sorry for the delay but i'm a beginner on this site.
nice week-end
vanpat
Apr-28-05  MUG: <Vanpat> You're welcome. Although I notice you are quite a strong player, so you probably knew all that anyway :-)

<shortsight> Yes, 6.Bd3 is a quieter line compared to 6.e5. It is well suited to positional players, but I find it less exciting! In this line, after 6.Bd3 d5, what do you normally play? I used to play, and often struggled with, 7.e5, but I have since discovered the 'no risk' variation 7.exd5 cxd5 8.Bb5+ Bd7 9.Bxd7 Qxd7 10.0-0 Be7 11.c4. A good line for getting draws against much stronger opponents!

E Postny vs Delchev, 2004

Jun-10-05  condor: In the 4...Qh4 line ECO2 gives 5 Nb5 Bc5 6 Qe2 Nd4 7 Nxd4 as a slight advantage to white. However after 6...Nf6! 7 Nxc7 Kd8 8 Nxa8 black seems to gain massive counterplay as white has only one developed piece against black's 4 with white's f2 square looking very vulnerable. As far as I'm aware this has never been played but if anyone has any games please post them. I just ran it through Chessmaster and black mated white after 42 moves.
Jun-10-05  aw1988: Nearly every Scotch game I play over the internet goes like 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. Nxd4 Nxd4? 5. Qxd4 which simply allows the queen to have the center all to herself.
Jun-29-05  Knight13: Checkout "Kibitzking Over Scotch": http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches....
Jul-16-05  ongyj: <condor> As I used to be interested of the 4...Qh4 line I've some knowledge of the lines. Actually I'll like to recommend another move for White before 6...Nf6!, which is 6.Qf3 instead of 6.Qe2. I hope somebody will comment on this move thanks.

An interesting game I've found on chessbase.com is as follows: 4...Qh4 5.Nb5 Bc5 6.Qf3 Nd4 7.Nxc7+ Kd8 8.Qf4!! Nxc2+ 9.Kd1 Qxf2 10.Qxf2 Bxf2 11.Nxa8 Nxa1 12.Bf4 ...(Savic Marijana-Dimovska Aleksandra, 2001, Tivat, YUG-ch U20 Girls 27th, 1-0). Seems that White can trap the a1 Knight while Black has difficulties trapping the a8 Knight.

Aug-05-05  notyetagm: New book on the Scotch Game by Gary Lane, called "The Scotch Game Explained". Check it out: http://batsford.com/book/0713489405.
Aug-17-05  JohnAScott: Regarding an earlier post requesting ideas following 1. e4 e5, 2. Nf3 Nc6, 3. d4 Nf6, I suggest 4. dxe5! After 4...Nxe4 both 5. Qd5 and Bc4 look strong. After 4...Ng4 then 5. Be2 N(g)xe5, 6. Nxe5 Nxe5, 7. O-O and White has both a lead in development and a space advantage.
Aug-24-05  Harald: Harald: Hey all, just trying a post being all new in here. I do like to dig in openings and I like the complications of Scotch... so far I've been playing the Ruy Lopez with white (and even Italian years back.) I must agree with Ongyj that after 4...Qh4 5.Nb5 Bc5 6.Qf3 is in the books rather than Qe2. As for JohnAScott's remark: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 Nf6 4.dxe5 transposes into a position of the 2 knights defence. It can go on like this: 4...Nxe4 5. Bc4 (Qd5 will only be chased away later.) 5...Nc5 6. O-O Be7 7. Nc3 O-O 8. Nd5 Ne6 9. Be3 Now, It seems to me white has more space and black is struggling a bit to develope, but his position is tough to break and it won't be easy to reach a clear advantage. I should add the moves 4.Nc3 or 4.Bc4 are also playable, they lead to the more common lines of the 2N defence like Ongyj pointed out. I've found these lines to be interesting, but it's hard to gain a tangible advantage there as the centre pawns tend to go poof quite early... Finally, It surprised me a bit that I couldn't find anything on 4.d5. (Chasing away the knight.) I should agree with ongyj again this looks at least ok for white, but I don't have anything to back this claim. Well, that's it. I hope to hear from you all soon!
Aug-24-05
Premium Chessgames Member
  Benzol: <Harald> Welcome aboard. Hope to hear more from you in future.
Sep-03-05  ongyj: <Harald> Thanks for your interest in my posts. I'm really honoured to know that somebody actually treats some of my posts seriously. Whether it was an unfortunate decision for me to "retire from chess" at a prime age of 20, I've decided to share all information that I've collected in openings while I was still dead serious in chess. Of course, I've not quit chess, I don't think I will. Hope anyone would find it useful and feel free to drop the comments and criticisms:)
Sep-03-05  ongyj: 1.e4 e5
2.Nf3 Nc6
3.d4 Scotch Game
Another fundamental opening. White makes clear-cut opening moves. In some ways or another White has given the initative to Black, as Black is free to choose the variation it wants to play. This scenario is similar to 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3... On the other hand White is certainly fine. After all, it's too serious to call 3.d4, a natural good move a mistake. The temporary centralisation of White's Knight may or may not be a good thing(it is subjective). 3...exd4

4.Nxd4 Qh4!?! An interesting move. At the cost of a tempo Black played it's Queen to disturb White's pawn. 5.Nb5!? Aiming straight for the c7 weakness. Should Black accept the challenge, 5...Qxe4+ 6.Be2 Kd8. For a pawn, White has gained tempo. In fact it should be at least two moves as Black spend a move 4...Qh4 and another 5...Qe4+. 5...Bc5 Threatening Checkmate:) This forces White to spend one move. 6.Nxc7+ Kd8 0-1. 6.Qf3 only move.
6...Bb6 Holding onto the c7 square. 6...Nd4 7.Nxc7+ Kd8 8.Qf4!! Nxc2+ 9.Kd1 Qxf2 10.Qxf2 Bxf2 11.Nxa8 Nxa1 12.Bf4 ...(Savic Marijana-Dimovska Aleksandra, 2001, Tivat, YUG-ch U20 Girls 27th, 1-0). Seems that White can trap the a1 Knight while Black has difficulties trapping the a8 Knight.

5.Nc3 Developing while protecting the pawn.
5...Bb4 Threatening to wreck White's pawn structures. Now both 6.Be2 and/or 6.Nb5 are good continuations, concentrating on development and threatening Nxc7+. After ...Kd8 White has reasonable attacking chances. Personally I'll prefer 6.Nb5, somewhat forcing ...Kd8.

4...Nf6 With this move Black seems to take the initative from White as White must respond to save it's e4 pawn. 5.Nxc6 Giving Black a bit of a problem with doubled pawns. 5...bxc6
6.Bd3 White decides to go for simplicity. Book's line 6.e5 Qe7 7.Qe2 Nd5 8.c4 Ba6... ends up at a very messy position. The problem is that playing 6.e5 it will become very difficult to support the pawn. 6.Bd3 d5 7.e5 Ng4! and Black is better with threats on the e5 pawn and White's King.
6...d5 Liberating Black's game. 7.e5 and White's e pawn seems overpushed, lacking support. 7.exd5...White found no good way to advance the e pawn and holding it. 7...cxd5 Black's pawn structure is somewhat repaired. 8.0-0 ...And the battle begins from here. Both sides have to be extremely precise in this position. I feel that White need not worry too much about exchanges if the exchanges actually lead to advantage.

6.Nd2!? An alternative to 6.Bd3. This is probably a move of anticipation for 6...d5 7.exd5 cxd5. 6...d5 Liberating Black's game, of course.
7.exd5 cxd5 As anticipated.
8.Bb5+!? Spot the difference!
8...Bd7
9.Bxd7 Qxd7 If 9.Qe2+ Be7 Black seems to gain a tempo. 10.0-0...The game is simplified but the position looks much alive.

7.Qe2!? Personal novelty and interesting move! I wonder what the continuation could be...

4...Bc5 Pressurising the d4 Knight. 5.Nxc6 Qf6 seems better for Black. 5.Be3 Qf6 Increasing pressure on d4 and f2 squares.
6.c3 Only way to increase a defender for d4 Knight. 6.Nb5!? looks interesting but I think Black is better after 6...Bxe3. It seems that 5.c3 6.Be3 is another possible order.
6...Nge7 Conventional move.
7.Bc4 ... And the game continues.

6...Qg6!? Threatening the g2 pawn. Again, Complications for both sides.

5.Nb3 Bb6... Promises a simpler game.

Dec-15-05  alicefujimori: Maybe the Scotch will become even more popular in the future amongst the top GMs due to the drawish Petroff and many lines of the Ruy Lopez. It will be very very nice if we can see some top GMs trying out 4...Qh4 since so far the books on this line were not quite convincing.
Dec-15-05  KingG: <alicefujimori> You can't avoid the Petroff with the Scotch. I think the best way to avoid the Petroff is the King's Gambit. It's only a matter of time before it comes back into fashion, or else 1.e4 will die at the top levels.
Dec-15-05  Dudley: When I try the Scotch nowadays I usually try the move order 1.e5 e5 2.d4!? ed 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.Nxd4 in order to avoid Philidor's and the Petroff, although there is a way to transpose into Petroff's if Black knows it.

Also, I have a question for whoever is interested. After 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 ed 4.Nxd4 Nxd4 5.Qxd4 c5?, what is the best queen repositioning: 6.Qd1, 6.Qd3, 6.Qd2, , 6.Qe5+ or 6.Qa4? Computers usually say Qe5+ but I don't really like that move. I know it's not good because the Black d pawn is very weak but what's the most efficient way to exploit it?

Jan-29-06  Frankieboy: Hi everyone,

Which one of these three books would you rather buy from White's point of view of the Scotch?

The Scotch Game by Peter Wells (1999)
The Scotch Game by John Emms (2005)
The Scotch Game Explained by Gary Lane (2005)

Thanks
Frankie

Feb-10-06  Dudley: I like the Emms book on the Nimzo better than the Lane books I have. I haven't read any Wells, but I don't think you would go wrong with Emms.
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