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Scandinavian (B01)
1 e4 d5

Number of games in database: 17866
Years covered: 1475 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 43.4%
   Black wins 28.4%
   Draws 28.2%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Michele Godena  31 games
Sergei Movsesian  30 games
Joseph G Gallagher  26 games
Miguel Munoz Pantoja  109 games
Sergei Tiviakov  107 games
Ian Rogers  87 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Anand vs Lautier, 1997
E Canal vs Horvath, 1934
Steinitz vs A Mongredien, 1862
M Weiss vs Blackburne, 1889
NN vs P Krueger, 1920
Schlechter vs J Mieses, 1909
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Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 22 OF 29 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-20-09  blacksburg: <Right now all theory in Scandanavian heavily favors white.>

i wouldn't say <heavily>. maybe white can get a slight edge with best play, but white gets an slight edge in <every> opening.

May-22-09  SirChrislov: # 32 in the world, dutch GM Sergei Tiviakov 2697, is the most succesful practitioner of the Scan and has beaten the likes of Kamsky and Ganguly with the new 3... Qd6 variation. not to mention draws to Anand, Grischuk and Svidler.
May-23-09  James Demery: SirChrislov: Have you made a Game Collection for the Scandanavian? You listed some good games above.
May-23-09  BishopofBlunder: Another reason you don't see this opening often at the top level is most games begin with 1.d4...
May-28-09  blacksburg: i have a theory about why people hate the scandinavian so much, especially 1.e4 players.

1...d5 is the most forcing move available to black after 1.e4. white is basically forced to go into main lines to get any advantage, the few sidelines allow black easy equality. if white can't prove an advantage in the main lines, then it's basically pointless to play 1.e4 against a scandinavian player.

against other moves, white has some room for creativity.

french defense - there's the tarrasch, exchange variation, main line 1.Nc3, etc, there's even stuff like the milner-barry.

sicilian - i don't think i need to list all the anti-sicilians available to white here.

1...e5 - there's the scotch, the italian, the king's gambit, the ruy, etc...

caro-kann - there's main lines, the advance, panov-botvinnik, fantasy variation

pirc - white can do whatever he wants and maintain a space advantage.

i once saw a video about the KIA that claimed that after 1.e4, white can set up a king's indian attack against any black response. the video conveniently failed to mention how to play a KIA against the scandinavian. :)

i'm not claiming the white doesn't get a slight theoretical plus against 1...d5 with best play, i'm just pointing out that white has only one way to do this. sidelines against the scandinavian are much less effective than other non-mainlines like the alapin sicilian, the panov botvinnik in caro-kann, the scotch, etc. if black knows what he's doing in the mainlines, it's a very effective weapon.

what do you guys think? i've been playing the scandinavian for a while, with much better results than any other 1.e4 defense. of course, i'm not playing anand and topalov here. :)

May-28-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <blacksburg> Impressive argument, but I am wondering about your thesis. What makes you think 1. e4 players hate the Scandinavian? (Personally I hate the Sicilian; most 1. e4 players, who are manlier than me, seem to hate the French and the Caro-Kann.)
May-28-09  blacksburg: <What makes you think 1. e4 players hate the Scandinavian?>

i was reading earlier kibitzing on today's game of the day, which is a scandinavian, and also, this morning i happened to see a guy on ICC's profile and one of his notes was <i hate people that play the scandinavian>. it's a sentiment that i've heard in many places.

incidentally, when i play 1.e4, the opening i hate to see the most is the french. but then when i try to play it myself as black, i can't figure out what the heck i'm doing.

May-28-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  Troller: <Poisonpawns><So if we are talking about Suprises, we can add the albin counter gambit and the Budapest defense to the scandanavian as being "played" at top levels.>

Well, I wouldn't exactly put the Scandinavian on the level of those openings - they are real surprise weapons, whereas the Scandinavian is played regularly, although not exclusively, by some GMs. In this database there are 883 Budapests vs 4492 Scandinavians to prove my point. Even less Albins.

A player like Tiviakov has played the Scandinavian 41 times in this database, that means several times a year. I doubt any top GM plays Budapest or Albin that much in classical games.

Theoretically it is also pretty sound. However, as <blacksburg> points out, the critical lines are few, and therefore I think interest on top level is more limited than in e.g. the Caro-Kann or Sicilian. I think it is also viewed as rather drawish.

Some ideas for amateurs hating the Scandinavian:
-Study the Blackmar-Diemer Gambit! It's not good, but also not that bad, and Black has to defend accurately. -Play 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.b4?! I have done so succesfully on club level. -Against 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 play 3.c4 and transpose to the Panov attack of the Caro-Kann.

May-28-09  miseiler: Personally I've found it to be drawish. I usually don't play the BDG, but after 1.e4 d5 I can't seem to play 2.d4 fast enough.
May-28-09  blacksburg: <Against 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 play 3.c4 and transpose to the Panov attack of the Caro-Kann.>

in this case, be prepared for the icelandic gambit, 3...e6, which is a lot of fun for black if white doesn't know his stuff.

the thing about the BDG is that most people that know it well are 1.d4 players. there's no way to get into it after 1.e4 except for the scandinavian.

but if you're black, you can't be scared of the BDG. if you are, then after 1.d4, you'll be scared to play 1...d5, which would be absurd.

<Play 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.b4?! I have done so succesfully on club level.>

i think this gambit is underrated. i'm certainly more wary of 4.b4 than i am of the BDG.

May-28-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: White has <some> flexibility against the Scandinavian: Short vs Cherniaev, 2008

I looked at Short's games against it. He does well, though he doesn't play very ambitiously. Maybe that's the secret against this defense: play quietly and have 2700-strength.

May-28-09  benjinathan: I hate playing against the Scandinavian. My regualar playing partner plays Scandanavian against 1.e4 and plays London System as white and I know why: it is to basically eliminate the opening as a factor in the game. We should move our pieces to natural positions and then play from that point.
May-28-09  blacksburg: <Maybe that's the secret against this defense: play quietly and have 2700-strength.>

sounds like a good plan to me. :)

May-28-09  SirChrislov: <Troller>: <-Against 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 play 3.c4 and transpose to the Panov-Botvinnik attack of the Caro-Kann.> This is only posible if blk plays 3... c6,sometimes reffered to as "scaninavian gambit", and now wht plays 4. d4 and after 4... cxd5 we have transposed to that attack. but as blacksburg mentioned, blk does have the probably better 3... e6!? which can run wht into a real mess if he hasn't been up that mountain.
May-28-09  parisattack: I still like 2. Nc3 as an out against the Scandinavian. 2. ...d4 transposes to closed positions perhaps not to black's liking (1. Nc3, d5; 2. e4) and de: results in a Caro-Kann type position with some twists for both side...black can perhaps try ...c5 in one move but white has alternatives to an early d4, also.
May-28-09  FrogC: I suspect Black has to be very accurate to get a good game with the Scandinavian. At my humble (1600-ish) level most of my opponents who play Qxd5 and Qa5 are weaker players who choose it because they find it an easy system to learn, and I beat them by playing natural developing moves and outplaying them in the middle game. Against Nf6 I play d4 and meet Bg4 with Be2, with an excellent game. Other lines, such as Qd6, I've never come across yet. I'm sure it's a good opening if you know what you're doing, but it's easy to drift into a passive position.
May-28-09  parisattack: <FrogC: I suspect Black has to be very accurate to get a good game with the Scandinavian.> Black - being Black - has to play accurately to get a good game in any opening. I don't particularly care for the Scan - it is too loose for me - but the piece play and tactics can turn the tables quickly for either side. I've lost a couple games as White by not respecting it; a mistake I will not make again.
May-28-09  AgentRgent: <parisattack: I still like 2. Nc3 as an out against the Scandinavian.> 2. Nc3 would make me quite happy, as I am a player of both Alekhine's Defense and the Scandinavian. 2...Nf6 Opening Explorer gives black a pretty good game.
May-28-09  parisattack: <AgentRgent: <parisattack: I still like 2. Nc3 as an out against the Scandinavian.> 2. Nc3 would make me quite happy, as I am a player of both Alekhine's Defense and the Scandinavian. 2...Nf6 Opening Explorer gives black a pretty good game.>

Yes, Another way for black and white. I would prefer for white the lines without e5, play a quiet open position (with a little bite), 3. ed:.

Playing over Fischer against the Scan 2. ed: looks pretty good!

May-29-09  FrogC: <SirChrislov> I play that line all the time against a player in my club (with 4.Nf3) and win every game. White is going to hit the queen with c4, getting a lead in development and a strong centre. Of course, my results may be because I'm a stronger player, but I actually gave up the Scandinavian with Black because another player in my club kept ouplaying me in this variation. So I'm happy to keep playing it.
May-29-09  blacksburg: so, i'm trying to learn the french, and a few variations with early queen sorties caught my eye, like the Qg4,xg7,xh7 lines in the winawer, but primarily this line, which is a main line in the tarrasch

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 c5 4.exd5 Qxd5 5.Nf3 cxd4 6.Bc4 Qd6 7.O-O


click for larger view

ok, if this line is a main line of the french, and is sound, then how is can the scandinavian be bad because black moves his queen early and white gets a lead in development? white has a <massive> lead in development in the diagram position, and black has moved only his queen. when i play the scandinavian as black, i never get this far behind in development. what's the deal, man?

May-29-09  returnoftheking: Interesting question.
I don't know if my answer is correct but here are my thoughts.

Main differences: Nd2 vs.c3, pawn d4 and the absence of the c pawn.

In the scandinavian Nc3 often has to move anyway and Nd2 in this line seems good because of Nb3-d4. So I don't think that's it. I think it is pawn d4 and the lack of white centre pawns that make the difference. Also white will waste time winning the pawn back.

Look at the different pawn structures in the typical lines:


click for larger view


click for larger view

I continued your line to:


click for larger view

When white wins the pawn back it will force him to trade some material and to diminish his development advantage. And in the end white has no pawns in the centre-when in the scandinavian white always has d4 for central control. Additionally the c line and the a-b pawns may be used to attack white's c queenside or the open file can be used to exchange pieces for a draw.


click for larger view


click for larger view

May-29-09  returnoftheking: Wops. Sorry for posting the diagrams double: First one is scandinavian, 2nd one is french.
May-29-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <blacksburg>

All things being equal, moving your queen early and letting your opponent get ahead in development are Bad Things. That doesn't mean they lead invariably to defeat, or that they can't be counterbalanced by Good Things like knocking out your opponent's center pawn and giving yourself a half-open file to work with. But you do get the occasional catastrophe in the Tarrasch line you cite: Larsen vs Seirawan, 1982

That's probably why many of the ultrasound types prefer to suffer an isolated pawn in the Tarrasch rather than play 4....Qxd5.

The fact that there are a few variations in accepted openings that involve moving your queen early is a good indication that moving your queen early does not lead to certain defeat. The fact that there aren't more such variations means that moving your queen early is risky -- or that most chessplayers are cowards. Maybe some combination of the two.

May-29-09  blacksburg: interesting stuff, guys.

<So I don't think that's it. I think it is pawn d4 and the lack of white centre pawns that make the difference.>

you may be right, but it seems counterintuitive to me. in the tarrasch variation in question, wouldn't the lack of center pawns simply increase the value of the lead in development? open lines are necessary to utilize a development lead.

<That's probably why many of the ultrasound types prefer to suffer an isolated pawn in the Tarrasch rather than play 4....Qxd5.>

i may end up doing this. the lack of development in my previous diagram in the 4...Qxd5 line is unsettling even to me, and i play 2...Qxd5 in the scandinavian.

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