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Petrov Defense (C42)
1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nf6

Number of games in database: 12827
Years covered: 1497 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 36.6%
   Black wins 18.0%
   Draws 45.4%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Viswanathan Anand  87 games
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave  73 games
Peter Leko  65 games
Artur Yusupov  114 games
Boris Gelfand  109 games
Frank Marshall  94 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Capablanca vs Kostic, 1919
Fischer vs Gheorghiu, 1970
J Polgar vs Karpov, 2003
Janowski vs Marshall, 1912
Leko vs Kramnik, 2004
Lasker vs Pillsbury, 1895
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 page 1 of 514; games 1-25 of 12,827 
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. P Damiano vs NN 1-0141497CasualC42 Petrov Defense
2. Greco vs NN 1-0151620Miscellaneous gameC42 Petrov Defense
3. Port of Spain vs St Joseph 1-0371835Port of Spain-St. Joseph corr MatchC42 Petrov Defense
4. Posen vs Berlin 0-1231839City MatchC42 Petrov Defense
5. I Calvi vs Kieseritzky 0-1201842MatchC42 Petrov Defense
6. Staunton vs Cochrane 0-1281842Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
7. Budapest vs Paris CC 1-0461842UnknownC42 Petrov Defense
8. Budapest vs Paris CC 1-0481843UnknownC42 Petrov Defense
9. G Perigal vs Saint-Amant  1-0221843Great BritainC42 Petrov Defense
10. NN vs Saint-Amant 0-1271843OrleansC42 Petrov Defense
11. H A Kennedy vs B Greville 1-0331845Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
12. The Turk vs A Zerega 1-0351845Private ExhibitionC42 Petrov Defense
13. NN vs Kieseritzky 0-1251846ParisC42 Petrov Defense
14. B Greville vs Kieseritzky  1-0261846Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
15. B Greville vs Kieseritzky  1-0381846Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
16. Kieseritzky vs Horwitz 0-1371846Kieseritsky - HorwitzC42 Petrov Defense
17. Kieseritzky vs Horwitz 1-0411846Kieseritsky - HorwitzC42 Petrov Defense
18. E Lowe vs H A Kennedy ½-½451848Kennedy - Lowe mC42 Petrov Defense
19. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0431850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
20. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0201850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
21. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0291850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
22. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0291850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
23. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0401850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
24. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0271850Cochrane - MoheschunderC42 Petrov Defense
25. Cochrane vs Moheschunder 1-0461850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
 page 1 of 514; games 1-25 of 12,827 
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2)  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 5 OF 16 ·  Later Kibitzing>
Nov-03-04  maxundmoritz: Much stronger than 21. d5 is 21. R1xe6, e.g. 21. ... Rxe7 22. Rxe7 d5 23. Rxf7 Qd6 24. Rxh7 b5 25. Rg7+ Kf8 26. Rxg6+ Ke7 27. Rxd6 Kxd6
Dec-05-04  ongyj: Petroff's defence challenges the symmetry theory. White usually continues with 3.d4, 3.Nxe5 or 3.Nc3(into four Knights). Usually Black is able to get into a symmetrical pawn structure and can draw with great success. However White usually maintains the initative unless it makes inprecise move(s)
Dec-17-04  erasmus: Thanks to all the kibitzers here I became very interested in chess the last couple of weeks and even decided to join a local chess club. This evening I played my first match, a Petrov, with black and won. A good start for my chess career :-)

For anyone interested I post the game here.

[Event "Club Competition"]
[Site ""]
[Date "2004.12.17"]
[Round "11"]
[White "Steenwinkel"]
[Black "Erasmus"]
[TimeControl "2h p.p."]
[Result "0-1"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3 Nc6 4.a3 b6 5.Bb5 Bb7 6.d3 Be7 7.Bg5 h6 8.Bxf6 Bxf6 9.O-O Ne7 10.d4 Ng6 11.dxe5 Nxe5 12.Nxe5 Bxe5 13.Re1 Qe7 14.Qd2 O-O-O 15.Nd5 Bxd5 16.exd5 Qd6 17.Ba6+ Kb8 18.Qe3 Rhe8 19.Qd3 Bxh2+ 20.Kf1 Be5 21.c4 c5 22.b4 Bxa1 23.Rxa1 Qe5 24.Kg1 Qxa1+ 25.Kh2 Qe5+ 26.Kh1 Qh5+ 27.Qh3 Qxh3+ 28.gxh3 d6 29.bxc5 dxc5 30.Bb5 Re2 31.f4 Re3 0-1

Dec-17-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  tpstar: <erasmus> Congratulations! You played very well and won a nice game! Just so you know, you both quickly transposed into a Four Knights Game rather than a Petrov proper; you'll face 3. Nxe5 or 3. d4 far more often than 3. Nc3. After 3. Nc3 Nc6, 4. a3 is an unassuming plan for White; more common is 4. Bb5, and note 4. Bc4?! Nxe4! (the Fork Trick) 5. Nxe4 d5 and Black equalizes. After 4. a3, one popular strategy is ... d6 & ... g6 = H Hamdouchi vs Adams, 2001 but your plan of 4 ... b6 & 5 ... Bb7 worked fine. The middlegame looked even, but after 18. Qe3!? you should have played 18 ... Bxh2+ immediately, then 19. Kh1/Kf1 Bf4 (avoiding 20. g3 trapping your Bishop), because 18 ... Rhe8?! should have lost a piece to 19. f4 and now Bishop moves lose to 20. Qxe8! winning a Rook (19 ... Bf6 20. Qxe8! Rxe8? 21. Rxe8+ Bd8 22. Rxd8#). Watch out for weak back rank tactics whenever you lose your fianchettoed Bishop and the opponent's Bishop covers your escape square. Your opponent missed it with 19. Qd3!?, then 19 ... Bxh2+ 20. Kf1 Be5 was good on your part. Then White blundered with 22. b4? Bxa1 23. Rxa1 and really blundered with 24. Kg1?? Qxa1+ and you had a won game. Good job!
Dec-17-04  clendenon: <erasmus> Congrats on your first win. Picking up two free rooks on the a1 square doesn't happen everyday. Good luck in future games.
Dec-17-04  erasmus: Thanks for the analysis <tpstar>. I hoped that my opponent would fall for the fork trick. I was really surprised when my opponent played 22. b4 allowing me to take his rook. I had to use some time to see if it was a trap or not. He later told me he was too focused on demolishing my pawn structure and didn't notice he brought his rook in danger.
Jan-05-05  rochade18: I've got a question: What happens after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Bc4 and now ...Nxe4 4.Bxf7+ Kxf7 5.Nxe5+...? There are only two games in the database, and white wins both of them. But it should be better for black, so what is the best continuation for black?
Jan-05-05
Premium Chessgames Member
  tpstar: <rochade18> Both of those miniatures were lost on blunders. After 5. Nxe5+ Kg8 6. 0-0 d6 7. Qf3/Qe2 Black should play 7 ... Qf6 (not 7 ... dxe5?? 8. Qb3+/Qc4+ mating). See how Black could then answer any checks with ... Be6. Once Queens are off, Black can develop and easily consolidate the material advantage = piece for 1 Pawn.
Feb-08-05  ongyj: to <tpstar>: thanks for your posts. In fact I only realised my mistake upon checking out the line you mentioned with database. It's great to learn through peoples' comments! For studies(or at least for awareness) purposes perhaps this would be useful... 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3 Nc6(transposing into four knights) 4.Bc4?! (given by tpstar), with 4...Nxe5! and 5.Nxe5 d5 and Black looks better. To be honest, I always believed that 4...Nxe5 5.Bxf7+ Kxf7 is a goner for Black. After all, material is equal, and Black lost his right to castle with the King in an awkward position. It's only when I bothered to check it out with databases that after 5...Kxf7 6.Nxe4 d5! and Black has very powerful moves to follow up. It is only today that I realise that all along I was the ignorant one that didn't know about this follow up which has existed for more than a hundred years. What a good lesson for a 4 year+ beginner:) Still, I refuse to give up on 4.Bc4, which I see as a natural, good looking move. So 4.Bc4 Nxe5! 5.Nxe5 d5 6.Bd3 dxe4 7.Bxd4 and in my opinion, White is still much alive, with the tiny pressure on Black's e5 pawn. I wish for many active forums around so that players like myself can read and learn along. Thank you, chessgames.com, for such a wonderful place for chess enthusiasts. In the meantime, may I propose taking away the ?! on 4.Bc4?! LOL :)
Feb-08-05
Premium Chessgames Member
  tpstar: <ongyj> Thanks for your kind words. I believe everyone who plays the Black side of the Two Knights or the Four Knights should know the Fork Trick because Black scores well Opening Explorer with an easy game. Annotation is personal and subjective, but I prefer 4. Bc4?! because after 4 ... Nxe4! I believe that Black not only equalizes but has the better game. After 5. Bxf7+ one trap Black should know is 5 ... Kxf7 6. Nxe4 d5 7. Nfg5+!? Kg8 8. Qf3!? dxe4? (8 ... Qe8) 9. Qb3+ mates. For your line after 7. Bxe4 I like 7 ... Bd6 protecting the Pe5 Opening Explorer but both sides have chances. For more examples of the Fork Trick look here = Game Collection: tpstar 2N
Feb-11-05  AdrianP: Some useful stuff on the Cochrane Gambit here: http://www.chesscafe.com/text/lane7...
Mar-17-05  Shindou: Hi games, I am wanting to learn how to play against hte petroff as white. What key games should i know for the main lines?
Mar-17-05  BiLL RobeRTiE: Play 5. Nc3! (after 1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nf6 3 Nxe5 d6 4 Nf3 Nxe4.) It's probably theoretically worse than playing the mainlines with 5 d4 or even 3 d4 (after 1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nf6), but in practice it should take Black out of his comfort zone, while giving yourself good attacking chances against the Black king.
Mar-19-05  ongyj: How should White reply to 5...Nxc3 ? 6.dxc3 gives Black a theortical advantage due to the inferior pawn structure, while 6.bxc3 looks normal. In fact I think Black looks even better than the mainlines.

<Shindou> I think Kramnik does best with the Petroff's defence. You can search for games which Kasparov play against Petroff's defence to learn about it from both points of view. Good Luck!

Mar-20-05  square dance: <ongyj> after 6.dxc white can play to castle queen side. roman d. recommends it in his roman's lab dvd's.
Mar-20-05  Lt . Col. Majid: Petrov is soooooooo ZZzzzz but great defence for black.
Mar-20-05  ongyj: <Lt . Col. Majid> Don't be discouraged by this seemingly unbreakable defence. Firstly the main lines are already favourable to White. Second I found many sidelines that are playable and some actually lead to interesting lines to play with. While I'm not in favour of the sideline recommended above it is very playable and well worth considerations.
Mar-20-05  hintza: I'm not sure the main lines are favourable for White at all at present; it seems like Black can draw most of the time. That is why 5.Nc3 has had something of a resurgence recently.
Mar-23-05  azaris: 5. ♘c3 ♘xc3 6. dxc3 was not bad for White in Topalov vs Anand, 2005. There's some analysis at http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/eve....

See also Stripunsky vs Mikhalevski, 2003 at http://www.newyorkmasters.com/xtabl....

Seems to me like it's a good choice for White should he wish to avoid a slow positional squeeze and aim towards rapid development and an open game.

Mar-25-05  ongyj: It seems that 5.Nc3 sideline has been rather successful lately! While I may not like it, I have to admit it's practical efficiency. A successful game can be followed from http://chessbase.com/news/2005/game...
Mar-25-05  hintza: 5.Bd3!? is another way to avoid the main lines.
Mar-25-05  hintza: 5.Bd3!? is another way to avoid the main lines. Morozevich has played this more than anyone among the top players, and it has also been tried by Shirov, Polgar and even Carlsen.
Mar-26-05  ongyj: <hintza> Do you know how White continutes from 5.Bd3!? I suppose Black may try 5...Nc5 and/or Nf6. Also, I'll like to mention that my favourite sideline is 5.c4!? Thanks:)
Mar-26-05  BiLL RobeRTiE: 5 Bd3 does appear to lead to positions more like those of the mainline, though. 5 Nc3 (...Nxc3 6 dxc3)'s great advantage is that the positions are completely different than those of the mainline - which should be the point of playing any sideline, I guess.
Mar-26-05  hintza: <ongyj> 5...Nf6 is the most common Black response. Then White can simply play 6.0-0 when Black's most popular is 6...Be7, although 6...Bg4 was tried in Xie Jun vs Koneru, 2004. White can also try 6.h3 to prevent this (instead of 6.0-0), or if Black plays 6...Be7 after 6.0-0 then White plays 7.h3!, taking away the g4 square from Black's bishop. White's general plan is to play c3, Bc2 and d4, developing the queen's knight on d2 and leaving the bishop on c1 for a while, usually until after Re1 is played. 5...Nc5 has been played a couple of times. White just moves the bishop back to e2 and the game tends to become somewhat drawish. 5...d5 would be followed by 6.Qe2 Qe7 7.0-0 and now 7...Nd6 and 7....Nc5 have both been played.
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