<Calli> Incidentally, Renfield punctuates 47..Qd6!

There were some other error by both sides, but it's all the good moves that makes this game interesting. For example, the way Tarrasch manoeuvers the bishop from b7 to b3.

Soltis gives a good example of how one really often only has to see 1 1/2 moves ahead or 3 at the most, and indeed shows two GMs, Kasparov and Karpov.

Correspondence chess is different. But even there is a limit, and time is still a problem.

The Botvinnk game was a great game. The point is that Botvinnik is being honest. In many cases one cant see so far ahead, and as in Judgement and Planning as in Chess by Euwe he explains that many combinations are a mix of judgement and assessment. There is always a degree of uncertainty.

Stockfish says 48 Qh3 is draw and 48 gxf6 is winning.

Analysis by Stockfish 120919 64 POPCNT:

The game may be compared to a symphony with one theme. On the 10th move, Tarrasch began to advance his pawns on be Queen’s side, and on the 62nd move, when his opponent resigned, he had consummated his purpose by bringing his <a> pawn and <d> pawn to the seventh".

Tarrasch has criticized Chigorin's initial plan of attack (i.e., getting his pieces out and try to create some chaos) and the game agrees with him: while Chigorin does manage to put a lot of pressure on the kingside, Tarrasch fends off the attack even though frequently playing inaccurate moves.

For example, the lauded <25...Kf8?> may already have been losing if Chigorin had played <27.Nxf6!>. Now if Black retakes with the queen, the main line ends up with White two pawns up, including a lovely strong passed one on f6, while the horrible-looking <27...gxh6!?> also leads to two pawns for White, but Black having significant counterplay, amazingly via two rooks on the h-file. <29.Nxf6> also seems to have been winning, after <29.Raf1?? Ng8!>, the king is suddenly totally safe and the game completely drawn.

Chigorin now belatedly gets the right idea of taking his pieces back from the kingside and letting has pawns advance, but this takes time, and Tarrasch uses it for an elaborate bishop manoeuvre (Bb7-e8-f7-b3) which eventually gives him complete control over the queenside, a passed pawn, and finally, doubled rooks on the 7th rank, all the while Chigorin is still struggling to play <g5>.

But even after he finally manages, the position is equal and, as it is extremely imbalanced, every player has to be very careful. Tarrasch's <47...Qg6??> for example would have been losing if Chigorin had found <49.Ra1!!>. Fine and apparently Kotov have said that <48.Qh3??> would have won, but actually, it would have blundered the win. Fine starts his justification with the absurd <48...Qc7??>, which of course loses; but after <48...fxg5! 49.fxe5 Bf6 50.Nc4! Rxc4!!>, White's advantage turns out to be very mild, and if he goes <49.f6 Bxf6! 50.Qh8 Qe6!>, the game is completely equal.

Sorry for not giving you the full variations, but I find these tedious to both read and write (and, yes, "long analysis, wrong analysis") and, in any way, it's always better to analyze yourself, to which I can only invite you very cordially -- it's absolutely mind-blowing. Of course, no human would ever find this stuff over the board, this is pure theory, but it's also God-level chess and just as beautiful and unearthly as Allegri's "Miserere" :D

Back to the game, even after <51...a2!!> Chigorin could have still gotten perpetual checks with <52.Ng5!>. But after <52.Rxf6 gxf6>, Black's king is completely safe -- it's funny how that knight g8, like after the 29th move, single-handedly fends off the entire white army. (Maybe that will be the beginning of me revolutionizing opening theory by not every moving the king's knight at all XD) Although of course in this case, the doubled rooks on the 7th rank create a constant and subtle but significant pressure.

So now Chigorin *finally* that maybe he should now concentrate on his defense, but once again it's much too late, plus Tarrasch is now in full swing and plays the remaining game with perfect accuracy, so that the this epic chess drama finally ends after a few more moves.

It's really admirable how patiently and methodically Tarrasch follows his plan, and how Chigorin's somewhat ungrounded attack (not as bad as a McDonnell, but still belonging to the same type of chess) just doesn't manage to break through. Tarrasch is constantly called dogmatic, and he may well have been; but this fixation on attack of those romantic players is, in a way, even more dogmatic.