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Philidor Defense (C41)
1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 d6

Number of games in database: 11199
Years covered: 1575 to 2025
Overall record:
   White wins 44.6%
   Black wins 27.2%
   Draws 28.3%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Moheschunder Bannerjee  26 games
John Cochrane  22 games
Joseph Blackburne  22 games
Tamaz Gelashvili  56 games
Denis Kadric  56 games
Zeinab Mamedjarova  55 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
Morphy vs Duke Karl / Count Isouard, 1858
E Z Adams vs Torre, 1920
De Legal vs Saint Brie, 1750
Bird vs Morphy, 1858
Rodzynski vs Alekhine, 1913
T Barnes vs Morphy, 1858
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 page 1 of 448; games 1-25 of 11,199 
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. G da Cutri vs Ruy Lopez 1-0101575Leonardo vs. Ruy LopezC41 Philidor Defense
2. Greco vs NN 1-0211620Miscellaneous gameC41 Philidor Defense
3. Greco vs NN 1-0111620Miscellaneous gameC41 Philidor Defense
4. Greco vs NN 1-0141620Miscellaneous gameC41 Philidor Defense
5. Greco vs NN 1-061620Miscellaneous gameC41 Philidor Defense
6. NN vs Philidor 0-1321749Analyse du jeu des ÉchecsC41 Philidor Defense
7. NN vs Philidor 0-1281749Analyse du jeu des ÉchecsC41 Philidor Defense
8. De Legal vs Saint Brie 1-071750ParisC41 Philidor Defense
9. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0221795CasualC41 Philidor Defense
10. G Atwood vs J Bruehl 0-1291796CasualC41 Philidor Defense
11. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0221798CasualC41 Philidor Defense
12. G Atwood vs Campbell 1-0241798CasualC41 Philidor Defense
13. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0201801CasualC41 Philidor Defense
14. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0211801CasualC41 Philidor Defense
15. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0231801CasualC41 Philidor Defense
16. G Atwood vs J Wilson 1-0251801CasualC41 Philidor Defense
17. J Bruehl vs Cotter ½-½511801CasualC41 Philidor Defense
18. Napoleon Bonaparte vs Madame De Remusat 1-0141804Chateau de MalmaisonC41 Philidor Defense
19. Cochrane vs NN 1-0301820CasualC41 Philidor Defense
20. Rotterdam vs Amsterdam 0-1341824City MatchC41 Philidor Defense
21. Manchester CC vs Liverpool CC 1-0421825corrC41 Philidor Defense
22. City of Berlin / Julius Mendheim vs Magdeburg 1-0291833CorrespondenceC41 Philidor Defense
23. Wroclaw vs City of Berlin / Julius Mendheim 0-1441833CorrespondenceC41 Philidor Defense
24. Amsterdam vs The Hague 1-0211834UnknownC41 Philidor Defense
25. NN vs von der Lasa 0-1481838BlindfoldC41 Philidor Defense
 page 1 of 448; games 1-25 of 11,199 
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2)  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 5 OF 16 ·  Later Kibitzing>
Aug-29-04  BenReilly: Hey drukenknight, see my comments to yours in the Larsen-Fischer game (sicilian, aceleratted fianchetto). See you there!
BR
Sep-28-04  Giancarlo: What possess one as Black to play this opening? What are the main concepts? It looks weak for black, especially when I've played against it as white.
Sep-28-04  Giancarlo: and of course, there is the trap:

1.e4 e5 2.nf3 d6 3.nc3 Bg4 4.Bc4 h6?

and then:

5.Nxe5! Bxd1??

rather give up 1 pawn then be check-mated, right?

6.Bxf7+ Ke7 7.Nd5 mate.

Sep-28-04  PivotalAnorak: The Hanham is actually quite sound, I use it as a special weapon especially in Blitz, because White often overreaches, thinking he has "a better position" and that a few sacrifices will be enough to terminate Black. Not so. Consider: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nd7 4. Bc4 c6. Here Black often plays Be7 before Ngf6 (otherwise White plays Ng5), and Castles short. Then Qc7 follows, and sometimes exd4 followed by d5, or if White plays dxe5, dxe5 followed by Nc5 and Be6 or Ne6. The position is about equal, but there are chances that White will overreach, frustrated that he gets no winning position after 10 moves in this supposedly "inferior" defence.
Oct-01-04  percyblakeney: Tea Bosboom-Lanchava just won with a Philidor against Iordachescu (2633) in the sixth round of the Isle of Man tournament. The game can be found here: http://www.bcmchess.co.uk/monarch20...
Oct-28-04  morphy234: Don't play Nf6 without playing f5 first! (in the Philidor)
Dec-04-04  drukenknight: Ponziani meets Philidors; Tchigorin Bishop (Bg4). I call it this because I know Tchigorin liked to put his B out there in some defenses that resemble this; or maybe not. It seems that Qb3 is the best response but you can find black players who will find enuf follow up moves to create very interesting complications....

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 d6
3. c3 Bg4
4. Qb3 Qc8
5. Bc4 Nh6
6. Ng5 Bh5
7. d4 (probably 00 is better, but I was in the mood to punish this B idea)

7...exd4
8. cxd4 Nc6
9. Be3 a6 (maybe ...Be7 is better, I think he is trying to stop the Qa4+ in response to Na5, this game was at blitz so this sort of thinking prevails)

10. e5 dxe5
11. dxe5 Na5
12. Qc2 Be7
13. Nd2 Nf5
14. Nge4

I eventually over extended this, for instance the Ns were roaming all about tyring to give check, the pawn was on f7 or was it? it was all a nightmare. Lots of room for improvement on both sides, but most black players had not gotten that far with Bg4 stuff so I really was overconfident.

Jan-12-05  drukenknight: Question. Does anyone know of any games in philidor's defense where black gets in a pawn fork at d5; I know I have seen it somewhere but could not find it using opening explorer. I give an example of what I am talking about in the line below, but this line is theoretical, is there a real master game w/ that fork? thx.

Sample of the fork trick:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 d6
3. Bc4 Nf6
4. Nc3 Nxe4
5. Nxe4 d5 (the philidor fork I call it)
6. Nxe5 dxc4
7. Qe2 Qe7

Jan-12-05  bishopmate: well, drunkenknight---i wouldn't think that would lead to a good position for black since white would reply:

instead of 6.Nxe5... he would reply 6.Bb3 dxe4 7.Nxe5 Qg5 8.Bxf7+ Kd8 9.Qh5 Qxg2(if Qxh5 bxh5 and white is leading by a pawn and has the f7 square pretty much under control) 10.Rf1 Nd7 11.d4 Nf6 15.Bg5 and its pretty obvious white has the more dominent position

But i do think someone played this against morphy once

Jan-12-05  drukenknight: I am not advocating that line per se, mind you Believe me, it was a pain in the neck just to try to remember what the moves were w/o playing something bad. I am giving an example in order to make it crystal clear the fork I am looking for. I will look in Morphy's games, thx for the tip.
Jan-12-05  drukenknight: Bishopmate: Here is the game with the fork, that I saw it in, this game is in Evans' book, Modern CHess Brililancies.

Tseshkovsky vs Lutikov, 1968

Jan-12-05  drukenknight: THere are actually 3 games in the date base with this fork on the 10th move. Here is the original:

Konstantinopolski vs Dus Chotimirsky, 1938

I guess dus Chotimirsky invented it. The pt. is that this fork can be used in many kingside openings, including that ponziani that I play, and also the Sozin Sicilian. Tons of stuff and usually real early too. The reason I mention it is that today I found a really good use for it in another variation...

Jan-13-05  csmath: Another retarded opening played mostly by patzers that are too afraid to play Ruy-Lopez. ;-))) Not as annoying as Scandinavian but pretty close. Whenever I play this as white I usually get the pawn in the middlegame and then I have to drill it down the throat against people that would not give up completely lost pawn endings. This opening should be forbidden for anybody with lower than ELO 2000.
Jan-13-05  drukenknight: Ha, ha. funny. Okay but look, remember this game...This is the one where I try to play ponziani and black brings out the early ...Bc5, black actually got a good opening but didnt realize it, look at this game...:

Horwitz vs Harrwitz, 1846

I got this opening again, and it got me thinking...

Jan-13-05  drukenknight: Here's another one for illustration of certain recurring motiff's: early ....h6, doubled pawns on the Q side, etc. But he may be okay. It might be better to go after blacks Q side with Na3-c4, often times the N can create stuff in the weakened pawn field.

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 d6
3. c3 Nc6
4. Bc4 h6
5. Qb3 Qf6
6. Bb5 Bg4
7. Bxc6+ bxc6
8. Qa4 Bd7
9. d4 exd4
10. cxd4 c5
11. Qd1 Ne7
12. O-O cxd4
13. Nxd4 Nc6
14. Nb5 Qd8
15. Be3 Be7
16. N1c3 a6
17. Nd4 Nxd4
18. Bxd4 O-O
19. Qf3 seems okay for black

Jan-13-05
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: The Philidor worked well for me as a change of pace, but was never my #1 weapon--I lost only one game, but drew far too often. 3.Bc4 is a very tricky move and I never played 3...Nf6 in reply; 3...Be7 develops the King side and prevents 4.Ng5 at the same time. Best for White is 4.d4 and I think Black has to transpose into the Antoshin Variation with 4...exd4 and 5...Nf6.

As for those Ng5 lines, I scored 100% versus them. 'Nuff said.

Jan-14-05  Swapmeet: <An Englishman> Read Kosten's book? I glanced over it a bit, but thought it was a tad biased towards black, especially in Mestel's variation.
Jan-14-05  drukenknight: okay...so getting back to that HorwitzHarwitz game, the guy proceeded to play ...Bc5 and I thought of that Chotomirsky Fork, so...here it is, Ponziani Meets Philidor's Meets Harwitz's B Meets Chotomirsky' Fork:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. c3 Bc5
4. Nxe5 Nxe5
5. d4 Bxd4
6. cxd4 Nc6
7. d5 Ne5
8. Bf4 d6
9. Qd4 c5? (crap pc recommends Ne2 but white retains an advanatage)

10. dxc6 Qa5+
11. Bd2 Qc7
12. f4 and black gave up…1-0.

Jan-14-05  drukenknight: ANother philidor's. HOt off the ICC board is a nice illustration of the typical q side problems you can run into. It's very similar to the jan 13th example, almost same 5 moves:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 d6
3. c3 Nc6
4. Bc4 h6
5. Qb3 Qe7
6. Bd5

Okay so stop here and think and see how many ways there are to mess up that N on c6. A good example of very similar opening formation but one little mistake. Okay now it continues:

6...Nd8 Hey! a nice way to save the queen side, I did not expect that. Something to think about

7. d4 Bg4
8. Nbd2 c6
9. Bc4 b5
10. Be2 g6
11. a4 bxa4

it was okay up to about here where he forgets to take my d pawn, starting first w/ 11...exd may be okay.

12. Rxa4 Bg7
13. d5 cxd5
14. Bb5+ Bd7
15. Qxd5 Rc8
16. Rxa7 and he just got messed up due to superior mobility 1-0.

A nice illustration of typical problem you get on q side, and then how this can lead to more problems with small mistakes.

Jan-18-05  drukenknight: Look, look at what these stupid Philidor's people play. They dont even play right:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. c3 Nf6
4. Qa4 a6
5. Bb5 d5!?
6. Bxc6+ bxc6
7. Qxc6+?! Bd7
8. Qxa8?? Qxa8 0-1

stupid philidor people, hey why dont you learn the book lines? I hate you.

Jan-23-05  csmath: Actually I find Philidor defence very, very good tool against hyperaggressive players. My standard repertoire is Sicilian Naydorf against e4 but sometimes when I know that the opponent is extremely aggressive (like Tate for example) then I play Philidor. It is very solid, though quite passive, but makes miracle against these types of guys. They just do not know how to generate attack against a solid wall and on the way trying to do that they are always losing pawns. Eventually the game ends in ending where white has nothing. I actually never lost a Philidor as black though I did not play it very often either. I think it has its purpose, mostly psychological.
Jan-23-05  azaris: <csmath> Borrowing a page from the ICC playbook, I see. "Even Tate couldn't win against a Philidor!"
Jan-23-05  csmath: It can also be very eventful. On ICC you can find my game against Blargh, he played as black, I expected Caro-Kann or Sicilian but he went into Philidor. I could not make anything in the opening but eventually the asymmetric structure gave me a great attacking chance and I won the game. It is a rather nice game with quite complex middlegame. We played standard time controls so it is a quality game.
Jan-27-05  drukenknight: More philidor traps to show you. I have a few common examples of Q side stuff but for right now here is a rare Philidor Counter Attack (...f5). In my opinion Philidor must have been well versed in this position after 4 moves even though none of his games survive. It is just a logical series of moves when you start studying this stuff.

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 d6
3. c3 f5 (there are only 6 games in the chesslab database but one of them is the famous Schulden v Boden, the famous Boden mate)

4. Qa4+ (no one has tried this but it seemed most logical to me, Schulden tried Bd3 here, not sure of the others)

4...Bd7
5. Qb3 b6
6. Bc4 Qf6?! (he missed ....Nf6)
7. Bxg8 fxe4
8. Bd5 c6
9. Bxe4 d5
10. Bc2 e4
11. Ng1 Bc5

THere is a terrific counter attack for black in this. The crap pc comes up with 12 f3 but I did not see that over the board. It's worth studying if only for the tactical patterns.

Jan-27-05  drukenknight: Philidor trap of the day. I want to show you one that looks like pretty stupid play but it nicely illustrates one recurring trap on the Q side, involving the b pawn and rook:

1. e4 e5
2. Nf3 Nc6
3. c3 d6
4. Bc4 Bg4
5. Bd5 Qf6
6. Qb3 Rb8?
7. BxN

you can play lots of games w/ someone and never see it come up and then it does and you wonder how that happened when you try to recreate the position. The key move to remember is that the black Q leaves q side and allows the N and R to defend themselves. Instead of ..Qf6 then ...Qe7 or ..Qd7 and it never happens.

Oftentimes he will get the Q to f6 in order to help that B on g4, that's when you look for this trap.

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