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Three Knights (C46)
1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nc6 3 Nc3

Number of games in database: 823
Years covered: 1841 to 2009
Overall record:
   White wins 39.7%
   Black wins 35.8%
   Draws 24.4%

Popularity graph, by decade

Explore this opening  |  Search for sacrifices in this opening.
PRACTITIONERS
With the White Pieces With the Black Pieces
Grigor Minchev  26 games
Varlam Vepkhvishvili  14 games
Louis Paulsen  13 games
Paul Keres  16 games
Wilhelm Steinitz  14 games
Alexander Alekhine  12 games
NOTABLE GAMES [what is this?]
White Wins Black Wins
W Pollock vs E Hall, 1890
J N Berger vs Frohlich, 1888
W Donisthorpe vs Mundell, 1892
S Rosenthal vs Steinitz, 1873
Gomes vs Neto, 1942
L Molina Carranza vs Capablanca, 1911
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 page 1 of 33; games 1-25 of 823  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves Year Event/LocaleOpening
1. Staunton vs Cochrane  0-129 1841 London m1C46 Three Knights
2. Staunton vs Von Der Lasa  0-147 1853 BrusselsC46 Three Knights
3. Paulsen vs Morphy 0-123 1857 New YorkC46 Three Knights
4. Paulsen vs Morphy 1-034 1857 New York USA-ch 4th matchC46 Three Knights
5. Arnhem vs Leiden 1-041 1862 City MatchC46 Three Knights
6. E Zoltowski vs Zukertort  0-126 1869 BerlinC46 Three Knights
7. Paulsen vs Steinitz 0-137 1870 Baden-BadenC46 Three Knights
8. S Rosenthal vs J Wisker 0-146 1870 London m1C46 Three Knights
9. Paulsen vs Anderssen  1-035 1870 Baden-Baden mC46 Three Knights
10. Paulsen vs Anderssen ½-½56 1870 Baden-Baden mC46 Three Knights
11. H D Smith vs F Elder  0-127 1871 ClevelandC46 Three Knights
12. A Schwarz vs Bird 0-147 1873 ViennaC46 Three Knights
13. Blackburne vs Meitner 1-032 1873 Vienna (Austria)C46 Three Knights
14. S Rosenthal vs Steinitz 0-138 1873 Vienna (Austria)C46 Three Knights
15. J Heral vs Meitner 0-123 1873 ViennaC46 Three Knights
16. J Heral vs Gelbfuhs  0-143 1873 ViennaC46 Three Knights
17. Paulsen vs Steinitz 1-017 1873 ViennaC46 Three Knights
18. S Rosenthal vs M Fleissig  1-018 1873 ViennaC46 Three Knights
19. S Rosenthal vs Robert 1-018 1874 Simultaneous displayC46 Three Knights
20. S Rosenthal vs Dermenon  1-036 1874 Simultaneous displayC46 Three Knights
21. Paulsen vs Anderssen  1-0104 1876 Leipzig mC46 Three Knights
22. Paulsen vs Anderssen ½-½83 1876 Leipzig mC46 Three Knights
23. Paulsen vs Anderssen 1-060 1876 Leipzig mC46 Three Knights
24. Metger vs W Paulsen  1-041 1877 LeipzigC46 Three Knights
25. Paulsen vs Winawer 0-135 1877 LeipzigC46 Three Knights
 page 1 of 33; games 1-25 of 823  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2)  
 

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Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 2 OF 2 ·  Later Kibitzing >
Jan-11-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  refutor: ah i see...and yes i just finished the marathon ;)
Mar-21-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  Vischer: does anyone know what is the best way to avoid the boring four knights as black after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3
Mar-21-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  refutor: <best way to avoid the four knight as black> well in that move order (the petroff move order 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Nc3) the best is 3. ... Bb4! v. 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 i am partial to 3. ...f5 with play similar to either a latvian gambit or a schliemann depending on white's fourth move...give it a try :)
Mar-21-04   ruylopez900: <Another Way> don't play your second Knight out. as White, go to the Spanish or Italian or Scotch or (if he's played 2...Nc6 then capture on e5.
Mar-21-04   youngplayer11: <Vischer>Well if you play 2...Nc6 Than try 3..Bc5 amd if you play 2..Nf6 than play 3..Bb4.Thats the way Bronstein says in his book 200 open games.
Mar-22-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  tpstar: I love this free advice! Highly informative too, because I always thought 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 was Petrov proper, whereas 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 was 3N proper, but both are considered 3N openings. Vischer, I had the exact same question about 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 = what's better than 3 ... Nf6 and another symmetrical (boring) game? The problem with 3. Nc3 Bc5 is the Fork Trick 4. Nxe5! Nxe5 5. d4 regaining the piece with a free hand. The database shows 3 ... Bc5 4. Nxe5! 71.8% win/20.5% loss, compared to 3 ... Nf6 33.6% win/24.3% loss. So Black loses more and wins less with 3 ... Bc5 vs. 3 ... Nf6. This idea shows up in the 4N (4. Bc4?! Nxe4!) and the Two Knights Defense (3. Bc4 Nf6 4. Nc3?! Nxe4!); both of these subvariations have great percentages for Black, so maybe the 4N isn't so bad after all. Before anyone tries 3 ... f5!?, remember that 4. Bb5 transposes to the Ruy Lopez Schliemann, where White scores very well, and also find Breyer-von Balla (Bad Pistyan, 1912): 4. d4 fe 5. Nxe5 Nf6 6. Bc4 d5 7. Nxd5! Nxd5 8. Qh5+ with a rout.
Mar-23-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  refutor: <tpstar> am i the only one who doesn't see the route after 8.Qh5+ g6 9.Nxg6 hxg6 10.Qxg6+ Kd7 11.Qf7+ Qe7 12.Qxd5+ Qd6? and black is just better after 10.Qxh8 Ndb4. <4.Bb5 transposes to the schliemann where WHite scores very well> oh does he? check out the position after 4. ... Nf6 Opening Explorer that's all you can ask for out of an opening as black :) maybe it's sound theoretically, maybe it's not...i think it gives good chances as black and is exactly what white is *not* looking for when he plays 3.Nc3
Mar-23-04   ruylopez900: <1 Q> I was wondering if 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 Bc4 Nf6 Was known as the Three Knights or as the Two Knights Defence.... Thanks.
Mar-23-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  refutor: <ruylopez900> even though three knights are on the board it is known as the two knights defense Two Knights Defense (C55)
Mar-23-04   ruylopez900: <refutor> Thanks. I thought so but with 3 Knights on I wasn't sure.
Mar-23-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  tpstar: My sincere apologies for steering this thread off course.

1) Breyer-von Balla finished with 8. Qh5+ g6 9. Nxg6! hxg6 10. Qxg6+ Kd7 11. Bxd5 (Threat = 12. Qe6++ - if 11 ... Nxd4 12. Bg5 Be7 [12 ... Qe8 13. Bf7 Qe5 14. 0-0-0] 13. Be6+! Nxe6 14. Rd1+.) so Black chose 11 ... Qe8 12. Bf7 Qe7 13. Bg5 Ne5 14. Qf5+ 1-0 (14 ... Kc6 15. Qxe4+ & 16. Bxe7; 14 ... Kd6/Kd8 15. Bxe7+). Improvements could be posted here, also under this specific reference game.

2) I mentioned 4. Bb5 because Black must always consider transposition possibilities in opening play. Sure White might do want you want (3. Nc3 f5!? 4. Bb5) but usually they do what they want (3. Nc3 f5!? 4. d4!). Refutor, I admire your zeal, but let's debate the Schliemann in another format.

Nov-18-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  Swapmeet: Anyone play or have an opinion on the 3. ... g6 line? According to the explorer its the second most played response to Nc3. I always play this line but lately I seem to be having trouble with it, because when white eventually plays Bg5 it seems very strong.
Apr-16-05   chessnewbie: What do you guys think of the Halloween Attack?
Oct-31-05   visceral infestation: Halloween attack is solving many problems for me. I use Nc3 to start and come across a similar position often. I'm not sure how sound the attack is, but at least it has some flare.
May-19-06   Kwesi: Apparently, a refutation of the Halloween attack is (from above position) 3...Nf6 4.Nxe5 Nxe5 5.d4 Nc6 6.d5 Bb4! 7.dxc6 Nxe4 8.Qd4 Qe7
May-19-06   borisbadenoff: <Kwesi> You're pretty quick a saying that.

Where is the refutation here?
I just play on with 9. Be3

May-19-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  ganstaman: I don't know, I've played the Halloween Gambit for a while. To me, it seems that black wins as long as he doesn't blunder away his extra piece. Otherwise, I think he can hold on to it and win an easy game once white's attack dies down. As white, the variation I hate the most is 4. Nxe5 Nxe5 5. d4 Ng6 6. e5 Ng8 etc. White then plays Qf3 and Bc4, but nothing really comes of it. Black just plays ...d5 and ...Be6, if memory serves me correctly. There's really no reason not to fully accept the gambit unless you are that unsure of your defensive play (but then you probably never stood much chance to begin with -- believe in yourself!).
May-21-06   WTHarvey: Here are 10 puzzles from Three Knights Game miniatures: http://www.wtharvey.com/c46.html What's the best move?
Sep-04-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  Robin01: After the following line, 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Bc5, white played g3. Does anyone know whether this is good for white? What is black's best continuation now? Thanks.
Sep-04-06   NateDawg: <Robin01> It is unusual for White to fianchetto in the classical openings such as the King's Pawn Game. However, Black's best continuation after 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Bc5 4. g3 is probably simply 4...Nf6. Then after 5. Bg2 d6 6. d3 0-0 7. 0-0, Fritz 9 evaluates the position as = (-0.17).
Sep-05-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  Robin01: I appreciate the answer. Thanks.
Oct-31-06   Castle In The Sky: The Halloween Attack is one of my favorite blitz game openings. You sac a knight for a lot of initiative. I have won a large number of games in under 20 moves using the Attack. White's ideas are to try to get your pawn to d6, prevent black from castling and develop a blistering center attack. In longer games, many times, my opponent has returned the piece plus to try to develop.
Oct-31-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  WarmasterKron: I like the Halloween Attack, even though I've never won a game with it! It's about the only interesting thing that can come out of a Four Knights, really.
Feb-23-09   WhiteRook48: actually the best way to avoid the 4 knights opening is to play the Sicilian Defense!
Apr-30-09   WhiteRook48: are there any games from this opening continuing 3...Nf6 4 Bc4 Nxe4! ?
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