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Paul Keres
Keres 
Paul Keres at Hastings, © December 1964. 

Number of games in database: 2,065
Years covered: 1929 to 1975
Overall record: +1022 -208 =810 (70.0%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games in the database. 25 exhibition games, blitz/rapid, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Ruy Lopez (185) 
    C78 C86 C83 C97 C88
 Sicilian (184) 
    B20 B50 B43 B36 B62
 French Defense (97) 
    C07 C02 C05 C10 C03
 Ruy Lopez, Closed (89) 
    C86 C97 C88 C87 C93
 Caro-Kann (63) 
    B10 B18 B14 B13 B11
 English (45) 
    A14 A16 A15 A13 A10
With the Black pieces:
 Ruy Lopez (229) 
    C72 C92 C99 C79 C73
 Nimzo Indian (125) 
    E32 E43 E41 E45 E53
 Ruy Lopez, Closed (107) 
    C92 C99 C97 C96 C84
 Queen's Pawn Game (79) 
    A46 E00 D02 E10 A45
 Queen's Indian (66) 
    E15 E19 E12 E17 E14
 English, 1 c4 e5 (42) 
    A23 A28 A29 A22 A21
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   Euwe vs Keres, 1940 0-1
   Keres vs Szabo, 1955 1-0
   Keres vs W Winter, 1935 1-0
   Keres vs Geller, 1962 1-0
   Keres vs Alekhine, 1937 1-0
   Keres vs Verbac, 1933 1-0
   Keres vs Spassky, 1955 1-0
   A Karu vs Keres, 1931 0-1
   Keres vs Kotov, 1950 1-0
   Keres vs Capablanca, 1938 1-0

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS: [what is this?]
   FIDE World Championship Tournament (1948)

NOTABLE TOURNAMENTS: [what is this?]
   non-FIDE Munich Olympiad (1936)
   Prague (1937)
   USSR Championship (1947)
   Madrid (1943)
   Przepiorka Memorial (1950)
   Estonian Championship (1953)
   Mar del Plata (1957)
   Budapest (1952)
   USSR Championship (1951)
   Buenos Aires (1964)
   Bamberg (1968)
   Warsaw Olympiad (1935)
   Bled-Zagreb-Belgrade Candidates (1959)
   Gothenburg Interzonal (1955)
   Curacao Candidates (1962)

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   Match Keres! by amadeus
   Keres' Whirligigs made of chocobonbon for FTB by fredthebear
   Challenger of 48 Keres_190 Wins (selected) by Gottschalk
   Keres' Whirligigs by chocobonbon
   The Road to the Top & The Quest for Perfection by Bidibulle
   The Road to the Top & The Quest for Perfection by alos2109
   The Road to the Top & The Quest for Perfection by enog
   The Road to the Top & The Quest for Perfection by pdoaks
   Veliki majstori saha 20 KERES (1916-1975) by Chessdreamer
   Paul Keres Ausgewählte Partien 1931-1958 by Simoslav
   Paul Keres "Valitud Partiid" by Legend
   Keres vs World & Almost Champions Decisive Games by Okavango
   Keres vs World & Almost Champions Decisive Games by visayanbraindoctor
   Paul Keres by Legend


Search Sacrifice Explorer for Paul Keres
Search Google for Paul Keres

PAUL KERES
(born Jan-07-1916, died Jun-05-1975, 59 years old) Estonia
PRONUNCIATION:
[what is this?]

Paul Keres was born in Narva, Estonia. The family moved back to Pärnu as soon as WW I was over. He was very active in correspondence chess throughout his youth, and soon began to make a name for himself at over-the-board play as well with a series of tournament victories culminating with a tie for first at AVRO (1938). Keres was thrice Soviet Champion, in 1947 [rusbase-1], 1950 [rusbase-2], and 1951 [rusbase-3]. In 1948, Keres participated in the World Championship tournament to determine a successor to Alexander Alekhine, finishing joint third. This would turn out to be the only opportunity Keres would ever have to play for the world title--he finished second ex aequo or outright four times in the five Candidates' tournaments, from 1950 to 1962 inclusive, but never won.

Keres scored 13½/14 at the 11th Olympiad in Amsterdam 1954 (1) and in 1963, he won at Los Angeles http://www.worldchesslinks.net/eziq... (sharing first place with Tigran Petrosian). Keres suffered a fatal heart attack in Helsinki on the way home from winning a tournament in Vancouver in 1975, at age 59.

Keres is the player who has defeated the largest number of world champions, no fewer than nine: Capablanca (http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Alekhine http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Euwe http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Botvinnik http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Smyslov http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Tal http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Petrosian http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... Spassky http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches... and Fischer http://www.chessgames.com/perl/ches...

With his five second-place finishes in Candidates events and his results against world champions, Keres was often known as "Paul, the Second" and "The Uncrowned King".

A list of books about Keres can be found at http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/...

References: (1) Wikipedia article: World records in chess , (2) Wikipedia article: Paul Keres

Last updated: 2024-12-10 09:13:02

Try our new games table.

 page 1 of 83; games 1-25 of 2,065  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. I Raud vs Keres  ½-½541929Parnu, Parnu-ViljandiE10 Queen's Pawn Game
2. Keres vs I Raud 0-1401929Parnu, Parnu-ViljandiC54 Giuoco Piano
3. A Karu vs Keres 0-1271931corrD08 Queen's Gambit Declined, Albin Counter Gambit
4. M Villemson vs Keres 0-1511931Deutsche Schachzeitung 133-A corrA15 English
5. Keres vs Molder 1-0241931Tartu, Est jr chC33 King's Gambit Accepted
6. L Norvid vs Keres 0-1251931Tartu, Est jr chC12 French, McCutcheon
7. Keres vs R Pruun 1-0431931ChJB12 Caro-Kann Defense
8. Keres vs I Raud 1-0291931Tartu, Est jr chB25 Sicilian, Closed
9. R Pruun vs Keres 0-1241931Tartu, Est jr chE60 King's Indian Defense
10. Keres vs G Menke 1-0621932corrC33 King's Gambit Accepted
11. M Seibold vs Keres 0-1391932Deutsche Schachzeitung 1932/33 corrC12 French, McCutcheon
12. Von Feilitzsch vs Keres 0-1321932corrC22 Center Game
13. Keres vs Faltweber 1-0181932corrA06 Reti Opening
14. Keres vs Beskov 1-0431932corrC50 Giuoco Piano
15. Keres vs M Villemson ½-½471932Deutsche Schachzeitung 133-A corrD30 Queen's Gambit Declined
16. Keres vs E Verbak 1-0171932corrC00 French Defense
17. Von Feilitzsch vs Keres  1-0161932corrC40 King's Knight Opening
18. Beskov vs Keres  0-1471932crE12 Queen's Indian
19. Haemig vs Keres  0-1271932crC44 King's Pawn Game
20. Keres vs Haemig  1-0231932crB40 Sicilian
21. Keres vs P Potengowski  1-0481932crD51 Queen's Gambit Declined
22. P Potengowski vs Keres  ½-½341932crC12 French, McCutcheon
23. Keres vs Villard  1-0121932crC35 King's Gambit Accepted, Cunningham
24. E Kiiver vs Keres 0-1581932Tartu, Est jr chE20 Nimzo-Indian
25. A Remmelgas vs Keres  0-1551932Tartu, Est jr chD02 Queen's Pawn Game
 page 1 of 83; games 1-25 of 2,065  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Keres wins | Keres loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 27 OF 48 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-19-11  fab4: Why involve Fischer in your posts on here <drnooo:> ?

Don't malign one great player in praising another.

Fischer was a boy when he encountered the great Keres.

May-23-11  drnooo: Hardly maligning Fischer fab, hardly. Nobody doubts his quality as a player. Keres, well, the conventional wisdom for him is, yeah, ole Paul he just was not quite good enough. It's stupid. I am even going on out a limb here and saying he was the best player in the forties and into the mid to late fifties, period, with the possible exception of Bronstein, another that the KGB hung up to dry. And going out further and saying that he may well have even belonged in the top five of all time. Look at whom he was beating. When he and Fischer tumbled he was just starting on his way down, and Fischer on his way up, so it was about equal. Even giving Fischer a slight nod there, by then, 62 I suspect Fischer in a match would have come out ahead, a ten, twelve game series. By then Keres was just kind of plodding along, which given his high percentages of wins is rather amazing in itself, showing his immense talent, hardly desire. simply put Keres, totally sane, great of character, and yes, noble. Fischer nuts, sadly so, and for many many years his nuttiness not affecting his game at all, even helping it, and finally unhinging him.

both, from different sources, living under stress. with Keres, we will never know how much

with Fischer we know too much, only too well.

May-27-11  parisattack: <drnooo:>

I very much enjoyed your thoughts and tribute to Paul Keres; thanks for taking the time to put them to paper, sharing.

I might add only two rather pedestrian thoughts on the man: His annotations are among the best and most useful I have ever read. His playing style is one which even a patzer might learn much by attempting to emulate - as opposed to the opaque style of a Kasparov or the deceptively simple style of a Capablanca.

May-27-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  Eggman: <<Keres, well, the conventional wisdom for him is, yeah, ole Paul he just was not quite good enough. It's stupid.>>

I've never understood that to be the conventional wisdom. Keres won (by tiebreak over Fine) possibly the strongest tournament ever held, AVRO 1938, which was supposed to qualify him for a world championship match against the declining Alekhine, but the match fell through and Keres subsequently lost many of his best years to WWII.

It seems to me that the conventional wisdom on Keres is that he was, for about 25 years, one of the equals referred to in Botvinnik's famous "first among equals", and that he might well have been world champion, but that it just didn't happen, and that he is probably the greatest player never to acquire the title.

In fact, I don't recall anyone ever mentioning that Keres didn't win the world title because he "just wasn't good enough." The most damning assessment I can recall (I'm pretty sure this was from Kasparov in his "My Great Predecessors" series) is that Keres never won the title because his nerves failed him at decisive moments in candidates competitions.

Jun-25-11  bronkenstein: Reposting from Bronstein`s page , since this concerns Keres oh-so-very-much :

...And speaking of Botvinnik`s intrigues , he surely knew how to use his political ties much earlier than 50s. There is detailed story (on Russian thou http://www.chesspro.ru/_events/2007...) explaining how he used his ˝protectors˝ to simply `improvise` another USSR championship (!) only few months after he finished only 6th (!) in the 12th USSR championship 1940.( http://www.chesspro.ru/_events/2007... , table is on the bottom , and there is few interesting photos meantime if you dont know Russian ). Needles to say , his fragile dreams of match with Alekhine crumbled to dust in such situation.

The artificial USSR championship , called ˝The absolute˝ (as you might recall from the history books) to justify and distinguish it from the ˝normal˝ one in which Bondarevsky ( later on the Spassky`s second, man without whom Boris might never become the WC) and Lilienthal shared USSR champ title only few months prior to that. Just for the flavor , I will try to translate first few lines of this mammoth text :

<˝Operation Absolute Championship˝

After 12th championship Botvinnik lived in shock for 2 months , and he had good reason : all his hopes for Match against Alekhine suddenly vanished! OFC , he could try to return the title in a year on the next championship , but he couldn`t wait that long. and who guaranteed that he will succeed ? His position seemed hopeless , when he came up with desperate idea :˝In december I sent a letter to Snegirev (Chess Sportcommittee) , ironising the fact that the champion of the state , ie leader of USSR chess , will become the winner of the Bondarevsky-Liliental match (both of them are very talented players , but without signifucant chess achievements) , while Keres and me had such , and international BTW , achievements.

Snegirov knew himself , that such match has no value concerning the Alekhine`s challenger; He understood my sign , and started working - as always , silently but with great energy. How he persuaded the higher authorities , I have no clue , he didn`t talk too much about that , but in 2 months it was declared that 6 winners of the 1940. championship ...> Why exactly 6? Remember , Botvinnik was, accidentally, 6th...just an innocent remark ;) < ...will play for the title of ˝absolute˝ champion . The meaning of the word ˝absolute˝ was clear: the ˝absolute˝ USSR champ would play the match against Alekhine.˝...>

Keyword was ˝silent˝ , players had no idea what is happening until it was too late, and what is most important, nobody mentioned Botvinnik`s name in the process. He was diligently preparing , while : <... Lilienthal remembers that he , relaxed by the promises ( by Snegirov? ) that he and Bondarevsky will be , without any match , declared the USSR champions , went traveling to Syberia: ˝Suddenly i recieved a letter from the president of Sportcommittee , Snegov , to immediatelly return to Moscow , to take part in so called absolute championship. I was shocked. I was very angry : I simply did not expect anything like that. Needless to say , i went totally unprepared ˝...> Keywords shocked , suddenly + unprepared =) <...Young Bondarevsky told angrily to Keres one year later : ˝I was simply inexperienced...I should simply decline , and that`s it!˝...> BTW , decline in 1941 USSR ? keyword: inexperienced =) <...Keres , accepting the participation , had no idea how high the stakes were. Neither previous nor this championship did he consider connected in any way with the world championship , and he payed dearly for being so naive. If up to that moment Keres was seen as the Alekhine`s challenger (he was placed above Botvinnik twice in important tournaments)...> key one being AVRO , considered ac the ˝candidates˝ by many <... after the ˝Absolute˝ Botvinik had every right to say ˝It is clear now who should challenge Alekhine˝...> And it was only the first of the cruel games that destiny played with Paul...keywords, cruel games + naive =(

PS You can compare the scoretables in first and second tournament to compare how successful ˝Operation Absolute˝ was for Botvinnik =)

PPS My English is not perfect , and Russian even worse than that , so the translation is prolly far from accurate @ some points.

PPPS There is few very long ie elaborated texts on Keres ( including eyewitnesses and quotes ) about things happening to him during WW2 , in 1945-1947 (he was lucky to survive that one ) period and later on on the site I took this from (ChessPro), for example ˝The mystery of Keres˝.

Jul-01-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  Stonehenge: Some nice pictures here:

http://schach-und-kultur.com/?p=3320

Jul-01-11  jussu: Regarding the USSR championship 1940 where Botvinnik finished sixth - Keres finished forth in that same tournament. Sure the title of the "absolute championship" that followed was ridiculous but essentially it was simply a tournament to determine the USSR candidate for a match against Alekhine. Yes the tournament was initiated by Botvinnik's intrigue, but in the end, Botvinnik won it with crushing ease, and I have never heard about anything fishy in that tournament, so his victory itself was fair and square.
Jul-01-11  jussu: By the way, funny that nobody has mentioned it here: Estonia switched to Euro in this year, so the only banknotes ever to feature a chessplayer (Estonian 5-kroon notes) are no longer valid.
Jul-01-11  BobCrisp: <Benjamin Franklin> was a chessplayer and can be found on the US$100. Must be others.
Jul-02-11  jussu: And we are writers. All of us.
Jul-28-11  wordfunph: The Estonian grandmaster Paul Keres was famous for his fierce attacks against the Sicilian Defence, having the motto, "White to play and win in 24 moves."

- Egon Varnusz (in his book Paul Keres' Best Games Volume 2: Open & Semi-Open Games)

Aug-17-11  coolchess1: Thanks drnooo for very informative details on the great Paul Keres. I always felt the similarities in the characters of these great chess players i.e. Paul Keres, Boris Spassky and Vishy Anand. Being great chess players, they also come across as wonderful human beings and show great sportsmanship. These three players along with the magician from Riga the great Michael Tal are my favourite players. I'm fascinated by their great play as well as their wonderful human traits. Very unfortunate that Paul Keres was not to be a WC, but it is a tribute to him that he still rose to the top tier in the world despite various problems which you have detailed earlier.

Respect to Paul Keres and RIP.

Sep-03-11  Knuckle Sandwich: In the biographical note on Keres above, the author has written: <For their performances usually deployed, he is known as Paul, the Second and The Uncrowned King.> Can anyone decipher this and tell me what it means.
Sep-03-11  talisman: <Knuckle Sandwich> not really but i think it refers somewhat to Keres being the greatest player never to win the WCC Crown.
Sep-03-11  Knuckle Sandwich: Here's an interesting impression of the great Estonian Grandmaster from another gentlemanly chess player with an enviable record against world champions.

<The first truly world-class player I ever saw was Paul Keres. It was in 1975. Vancouver, a beautiful city just across the border from Seattle, hosted a large open tournament. In those years I ofter traveled north to Vancouver, British Columbia and south to Portland, Oregon, playing in as many open events in the Pacific Northwest as I could squeeze in between my school classes. I was a "Class A" to "Expert" player at the time, meaning I sported a 1900-2100 rating, which jumped around a great deal....With the [tournament] about to begin...our eyes were glued Paul Keres as we watched his every move. he was well dressed dignified an with what might be called a noble bearing. He deeply impressed out whole party.>

<In his game, Keres' opponent was Denis Allan, a strong Canadian master who employed the Petroff Defence and was a tough man to beat. We were all anxious to see how Keres might gain an advantage so that we could use the same idea ourselves. After all the announcements the game began 1. e4 e5 2. ♘f3 ♘f6, and now, without any hesitation at all, Keres played 3 d3. as if this was a killer refutation. We were sunk. The game continued 3 ...♘c64. ♘bd2 ♗c5 5. c3 d5 6. ♗e2 dxe4 7. dxe4 a5, and Keres won smoothly in 25 moves. It was a thrill to watch a world-class player in acrion. His manner, his bearing, his unhurried approach to the position, the accuracy of his moves, and the precision and manner in which he physically played his moves all made a deep impression. I was especially drawn to observing his physical movement of the pieces, as he carefully put them correctly in the middle of the square so as not to annoy his opponent. In fact, I went home to practice so that I could mimic his movements as well and to endeavour, as best I could, to play chess "properly" at the board ... I wanted to be world class and behave like world-class player. I wanted to be, a least in manner, like Paul Keres.>

--Yasser Seirawan (Chess Duels My Games with the World Champions)

Sep-03-11  ughaibu: It's a nice game: Keres vs D Allan, 1975
Sep-03-11  coolchess1: Thanks Knuckle Sandwich for the interesting share from Yasser Seirawan.
Sep-04-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  HeMateMe: A nice story from the <Seirawan book>. How do you beat the Petroff in 25 moves?
Sep-04-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  perfidious: <HeHateMe> Here 'tis: Keres vs D Allan, 1975.
Sep-04-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  HeMateMe: Thanks, I guess it was a rhetorical question: How can the sturdy Petroff not last more than 25 moves?
Sep-04-11  Gregor Samsa Mendel: <HMM>--Regrettably, openings don't just play themselves. If I played the Petroff against the likes of Keres, I'd probably be lost by move 10.
Sep-04-11  Akavall: Even an expert on the Petrov Kramnik has gone down in less than 25 moves:

Anand vs Kramnik, 2005

Btw, I don't think that Petrov is drawish at sub-GM level, a lot of times the game gets pretty complicated with both sides having winning chances. The reason it is drawish on super-GM level is that the theory is so deep, and many analyzed to a draw. Marshall gambit in Ruy Lopez seems to be similar: can be drawish (if black wants it to be) on super-GM level, but not at all drawish at lower levels.

Sep-06-11  jackpawn: Has anyone ever noticed that Boris Spassky's style of play (especially in the 1960's) was very similar to Keres style of play? I never heard of it, but I wonder if Keres wasn't Spassky's role model . . .
Sep-07-11  Korifej: Keres is the best
Dec-29-11  Korifej: He did not become world champion only because he was politically incorrect in USSR.Big loss for chess.
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