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Horatio Caro
Number of games in database: 97
Years covered: 1888 to 1908
Overall record: +25 -37 =35 (43.8%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games
      Based on games in the database; may be incomplete.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Queen's Pawn Game (15) 
    D02 D05 D00
 Vienna Opening (11) 
    C29 C25 C26
With the Black pieces:
 Ruy Lopez (11) 
    C67 C65 C70 C61 C62
 Vienna Opening (6) 
    C29 C28 C26 C25
 Four Knights (5) 
    C49
 Petrov (5) 
    C42
 Queen's Pawn Game (4) 
    D02 D05 D00
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   H Caro vs Lasker, 1890 1-0
   L Forgacs vs H Caro, 1904 0-1
   H Caro vs Schiffers, 1897 1-0
   H Caro vs Harmonist, 1888 1-0

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HORATIO CARO
(born Jul-05-1862, died Dec-15-1920) United Kingdom

[what is this?]
Horatio Caro was born in England in 1862 but spent most of his chess career in Berlin, Germany. He lost matches to Simon Winawer and Jacques Mieses, drew twice with Curt von Bardeleben and defeated Moritz Lewitt. He is best known for the opening that bears his name, the Caro-Kann Defense (B12), which he analysed in his own journal Bruederschaft in 1886.

 page 1 of 4; games 1-25 of 97  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves Year Event/LocaleOpening
1. H Caro vs K Hollander  ½-½42 1888 corres GERC29 Vienna Gambit
2. H Caro vs Harmonist  1-048 1888 BerlinC29 Vienna Gambit
3. H Caro vs Von Scheve 1-021 1888 BerlinC29 Vienna Gambit
4. H Caro vs B Hulsen  0-159 1889 BerlinC29 Vienna Gambit
5. Lasker vs H Caro 1-038 1890 BerlinC62 Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz Defense
6. H Caro vs Lasker 1-014 1890 BerlinD02 Queen's Pawn Game
7. Von Der Lasa vs H Caro 1-028 1890 Berlin cgC29 Vienna Gambit
8. R Wehner vs H Caro  0-132 1894 BerlinC26 Vienna
9. Teichmann vs H Caro 1-030 1897 Berlin itC61 Ruy Lopez, Bird's Defense
10. H Caro vs W Cohn  ½-½38 1897 Berlin itC25 Vienna
11. A Zinkl vs H Caro  ½-½86 1897 Berlin itC49 Four Knights
12. H Caro vs H Suechting  1-054 1897 Berlin itC24 Bishop's Opening
13. H Caro vs Chigorin  ½-½73 1897 Berlin itD02 Queen's Pawn Game
14. H Caro vs Janowski  ½-½81 1897 Berlin itC24 Bishop's Opening
15. Schlechter vs H Caro  ½-½23 1897 Berlin itC49 Four Knights
16. Charousek vs H Caro 1-060 1897 Berlin itC60 Ruy Lopez
17. Mieses vs H Caro 1-029 1897 Berlin (m/ )C28 Vienna Game
18. H Caro vs Winawer  ½-½69 1897 Berlin itD02 Queen's Pawn Game
19. H Caro vs Burn 0-149 1897 Berlin itD02 Queen's Pawn Game
20. Metger vs H Caro  0-150 1897 Berlin itD53 Queen's Gambit Declined
21. H Caro vs Schiffers  1-045 1897 Berlin itC39 King's Gambit Accepted
22. K Walbrodt vs H Caro ½-½52 1897 Berlin itC61 Ruy Lopez, Bird's Defense
23. Alapin vs H Caro  0-149 1897 Berlin itC25 Vienna
24. Blackburne vs H Caro  1-043 1897 Berlin itD02 Queen's Pawn Game
25. H Caro vs G Marco  ½-½21 1897 Berlin itD02 Queen's Pawn Game
 page 1 of 4; games 1-25 of 97  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Caro wins | Caro loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
Apr-22-04   nikolaas: Is this the Caro from the Caro-Kann?
Apr-22-04   capanegra: Yes nikolaas. The Caro-Kann Defense was named that way after the Viennese player Marcus Kann (1820-1886) and the British player Horatio Caro (1862-1920), published an article in the German chess magazine in 1886, introducing 1.e4 c6 with corresponding analysis.
Apr-23-04   nikolaas: Thanks very much. Again a bit more that I know.
Apr-23-04   rochade18: Only 62 games are shown, though he played against Schlechter, Janowski and other good players of that time.
Apr-23-04   ruylopez900: Did Mr, Caro play his opening much? I realize that this probably isn't all his games, but it just seems odd that he would have played less then 6 games with his famed defense. (Or was it all about the analyzing for him?)
Jul-05-05   Kangaroo: This is a true holiday for all Caro-Kann fans!

Very often it transfers into my favorite French and therefore Caro-Kann may be viewed as the improved French after <1.e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 Bf5> ... .

Jul-05-05   Kangaroo: Who was Kann, where and when was he born?
Jul-05-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: According to Al Horowitz, Kann was a citizen of Pesth (or Pest), now part of Budapest. The merger between Buda and Pest occurred in November 1873.

Now if you'll excuse me, I must drink a toast to the man whose defense made me a Master.

Jul-05-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  al wazir: I see only two games here in which Caro played the Caro-Kann, and he didn't win either. (There may be others; I haven't looked at all of the games to see if the opening has been misidentified.)

But why doesn't the database have any games played by Kann?

Jul-05-06   EmperorAtahualpa: <But why doesn't the database have any games played by Kann?>

<al wazir> Here is a game in which Kann playes the Caro-Kann defense.

[Event "?"]
[Site "Hamburg"]
[Date "1885.??.??"]
[White "Mieses,Jacques "]
[Black "Kann,Marcus "]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "B12"]
[Round "?"]

1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 Bf5 4. Bd3 Bxd3 5. Qxd3 e6 6. f4 c5 7. c3 Nc6 8. Nf3 Qb6 9. O-O Nh6 10. b3 cxd4 11. cxd4 Nf5 12. Bb2 Rc8 13. a3 Ncxd4 14. Nxd4 Bc5 15. Rd1 Nxd4 16. Bxd4 Bxd4+ 17. Qxd4 Rc1 0-1

I will also submit it to the chessgames.com database.

Jul-05-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  al wazir: Thanks, <EmperorAtahualpa>.

Caro Kann but Uwe Durst not. (That one's for all you punsters out there.)

Jul-05-06   mahmoudkubba: I can see that Khan have other related opening(s) to it but very few have Caro related even though many do plays it (Caro) but no mentioning is done usually to such that fact. Yet as far as I knows their are games with only Caro and only Khan that is Caro without Khan or any related way and Khan without Caro or any related way.
Jul-05-06   EmperorAtahualpa: <Yet as far as I knows their are games with only Caro and only Khan that is Caro without Khan or any related way and Khan without Caro or any related way.>

<mahmoudkubba> Caro without Kann? Kann without Caro?

So you mean a "Caro-defense" and a "Kann-defense", right? I've never heard of them.

Can you please explain further? Thanks.

Jul-05-06   mahmoudkubba: <EmperorAtahualpa>: One short way of explaining this in this quick forum is that every thing proved to be a Khan is started with the black playing c7-c6, right? well thats just one thing of the whole matter. But when applying this to a real blitz it is as far as I knows might have more than one meaning yet two players might have the same moves similar to anothe two players. Thats just the starting point. I can't say more but only said this to u and to others for the goodness, truth, validity and justified world(s) really.
Jul-06-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: <al wazir>, are you responsible for some of the Game of the Day puns? If not, why not?
Jul-06-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  al wazir: <An Englishman>: I believe that this site is for chess, and to pursue any other topic is a transgression, not to say an abomination.

That said, I admit to having transgressed a few times. But as far as I could tell, nobody took any notice.

Jul-05-07
Premium Chessgames Member
  WannaBe: Interesting...

The earliest game in the DB with C-K opening is W Paulsen vs Max Weiss, 1883 and I see that Caro himself have 2 games in DB with C-K as opening (Caro playing black)

There is one player and one game in DB with Marcus Kann I'm gonna guess he is the Kann in the C-K opening? The year of the game looks close enough, but Marcus Kann doesn't have any bio...

Jul-05-07   nescio: <WannaBe: The earliest game in the DB with C-K opening is W Paulsen vs Max Weiss, 1883 and I see that Caro himself have 2 games in DB with C-K as opening (Caro playing black)>

In those days 1...c6 was considered a little eccentric at best. As far as I know Caro's article in "Brüderschaft" dates from 1886 and I think Marcus Kann was co-author.

<There is one player and one game in DB with Marcus Kann I'm gonna guess he is the Kann in the C-K opening? The year of the game looks close enough, but Marcus Kann doesn't have any bio...>

Caro was a strong player, but very little is known about Kann. The game you refer to seems to be the only one that has survived.

Apr-22-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  stoy: The Caro-Kann defense helped Mikhail Botvinnik regain the title of world champion in 1958 against Smyslov and again in 1961 against Tal. Capablanca also liked it as did Petrosian & Karpov.
Jul-05-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  wordfunph: Master Horatio Caro will not be complete without his partner Kann....Caro-Kann!

Happy Birthday Master Caro..

Jul-05-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: Hello, Mr. Caro, from an Englishman who's most grateful for your co-discovery!
Jul-05-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  whiteshark: <WannaBe: <...but Marcus Kann doesn't have any bio...>> Check it out again. :D
Jul-05-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  whiteshark: Player of the Day

Bio: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horati...
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horati...

Jul-05-09   WhiteRook48: inventor of the Caro-Kann
Jul-05-09
Premium Chessgames Member
  whiteshark: About 48% right.
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