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Tigran Petrosian
Petrosian 
 

Number of games in database: 2,137
Years covered: 1942 to 1983
Highest rating achieved in database: 2660
Overall record: +778 -173 =1164 (64.3%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games in the database. 22 exhibition games, blitz/rapid, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 King's Indian (133) 
    E92 E81 E80 E60 E91
 Queen's Indian (88) 
    E12 E14 E19 E17 E15
 Nimzo Indian (86) 
    E41 E40 E46 E55 E53
 Queen's Gambit Declined (76) 
    D37 D35 D30 D31 D38
 English, 1 c4 c5 (67) 
    A30 A34 A36 A32 A33
 Queen's Pawn Game (65) 
    A46 A40 D02 E10 D05
With the Black pieces:
 French Defense (152) 
    C07 C16 C11 C18 C15
 Sicilian (148) 
    B94 B81 B52 B84 B92
 Caro-Kann (90) 
    B18 B17 B11 B14 B12
 King's Indian (89) 
    E67 E81 E91 E60 E63
 Nimzo Indian (60) 
    E54 E32 E58 E52 E46
 French Tarrasch (59) 
    C07 C05 C03 C09
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   Petrosian vs Spassky, 1966 1-0
   Petrosian vs Pachman, 1961 1-0
   Spassky vs Petrosian, 1966 0-1
   Petrosian vs Botvinnik, 1963 1-0
   Petrosian vs Smyslov, 1961 1-0
   Petrosian vs Fischer, 1971 1-0
   Reshevsky vs Petrosian, 1953 1/2-1/2
   Kasparov vs Petrosian, 1981 0-1
   Fischer vs Petrosian, 1959 1/2-1/2
   Petrosian vs Korchnoi, 1946 1-0

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS: [what is this?]
   Botvinnik - Petrosian World Championship Match (1963)
   Petrosian - Spassky World Championship Match (1966)
   Petrosian - Spassky World Championship Match (1969)

NOTABLE TOURNAMENTS: [what is this?]
   Georgian Championship (1945)
   USSR Championship (1959)
   URS-ch sf Tbilisi (1956)
   Nimzowitsch Memorial, Copenhagen (1960)
   Curacao Candidates (1962)
   USSR Championship 1961a (1961)
   Trade Unions Championship (1964)
   Keres Memorial (1979)
   USSR Championship (1951)
   Buenos Aires (1964)
   USSR Championship (1969)
   Bled-Zagreb-Belgrade Candidates (1959)
   Bled (1961)
   USSR Championship (1960)
   Stockholm Interzonal (1962)

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   Petrosian Games Only by fredthebear
   Match Petrosian! by amadeus
   Match Petrosian! by docjan
   0ZeR0's collected games volume 278 by 0ZeR0
   0ZeR0's collected games volume 279 by 0ZeR0
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by MentallyEelFiance
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by Okavango
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by Qindarka
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by enog
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by losi
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by knightstorm
   Python Strategy (Petrosian) by doug27
   Tigran Petrosian's Best Games by doug27
   Biggest Heritor of Nimzo by Gottschalk


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TIGRAN PETROSIAN
(born Jun-17-1929, died Aug-13-1984, 55 years old) Georgia (federation/nationality Armenia)
PRONUNCIATION:
[what is this?]

Tigran Vartanovich Petrosian was the World Champion from 1963 until 1969. He was born in Tiflis (modern day Tbilisi) in Georgia to Armenian parents, but eventually relocated to Armenia in 1946 before moving to Moscow in 1949.

Petrosian was an avid student of Aron Nimzowitsch 's theories. His play was renowned for its virtually impenetrable defence and patient manoeuvring, a technique that earned him the nickname "Iron Tigran". Despite this, his capacity for dealing with tactical complications when the need arose prompted Boris Spassky to comment that: "It is to Petrosian's advantage that his opponents never know when he is suddenly going to play like Mikhail Tal ", and Robert James Fischer to observe that "He has an incredible tactical view, and a wonderful sense of the danger... No matter how much you think deep... He will 'smell' any kind of danger 20 moves before!" Petrosian's pioneering use of the positional exchange sacrifice underscored both his positional and tactical grasp of the game. Moreover, he has two major opening systems named after him: the Petrosian Variation of the King's Indian Defence (1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 O-O 6.Be2 e5 7.d5) and the Petrosian System in the Queen's Indian Defence (1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 b6 4.a3).

National Championships: Petrosian's first major win was the championship of Georgia in 1945 when he was 16. He won the 5th USSR Junior Championship in 1946 with a score of 14/15, and again in 1946. He won or came equal first in the championships of Armenia held in 1946, 1948, 1974, 1976 and 1980, won the Moscow championship in 1951; and shared first place with Vladimir Simagin and David Bronstein in the 1956 and 1968 Moscow Championships respectively. He gained his International Master title in the 1951 Soviet Championships, and went on to win the Soviet championship outright three times in 1959, 1961, and 1975, sharing the title with Lev Polugaevsky in 1969.

World championships: Petrosian won his Grandmaster title when he came equal second in the 1952 Interzonal tournament in Stockholm, which also qualified him for the 1953 Candidates tournament in Zurich. An eight time Candidate for the World Championship in 1953, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1971, 1974, 1977 and 1980, he won the Curacao Candidates Tournament of 1962 without losing a single game. The following year, he won the Botvinnik - Petrosian World Championship Match (1963) to become the 9th official World Chess Champion. He retained his title by winning the Petrosian - Spassky World Championship Match (1966), the first time since the Alekhine - Bogoljubov World Championship Rematch (1934) that the World Champion had succeeded in winning a title match. This feat was not repeated until Anatoly Karpov 's success at the Karpov - Korchnoi World Championship Match (1978). He also advanced to the Fischer - Petrosian Candidates Final (1971) semifinals, but lost, thereby losing the opportunity to qualify to the 1972 championship.

Team Play: Petrosian played in ten consecutive Soviet Olympiad teams from 1958 to 1978, winning nine team gold medals, one team silver medal, and six individual gold medals. His overall performance in Olympiad play was +78 =50 −1, the only loss being to Robert Huebner. He also played for the Soviet team in every European Team Championship from 1957 to 1983, winning eight team gold medals, and four board gold medals.

Classical Tournaments: Soon after becoming champion, he shared first place with Paul Keres in the first Piatagorsky Cup in Los Angeles in 1963. He won the tournaments at Biel and Lone Pine in 1976, the Keres Memorial in 1979, and took second place in Tilburg in 1981, half a point behind the winner Alexander Beliavsky. He was ranked among the top 20 players in the world until he died in 1984.

"Chess is a game by its form, an art by its content and a science by the difficulty of gaining mastery in it. Chess can convey as much happiness as a good book or work of music can. However, it is necessary to learn to play well and only afterwards will one experience real delight." - Tigran Petrosian

Playing Style

Tigran Petrosian's playing style was characterized by several key traits: Prophylaxis and Defense: Petrosian was known for his exceptional defensive skills and his focus on prophylaxis—preventing his opponent's threats before they materialized. He excelled at anticipating danger and taking precautionary measures to neutralize his opponent's plans.

Strategic Depth and Understanding: He possessed a deep understanding of chess strategy and positional play. He was skilled at maneuvering his pieces, creating subtle imbalances, and gradually improving his position.

Tactical Skill and Combinative Vision: While primarily known for his defensive prowess, Petrosian was also a skilled tactician and possessed strong combinative vision. He was capable of launching sharp attacks and delivering unexpected tactical blows when the opportunity arose.

Patience and Objectivity: He was known for his patience and objectivity. He was willing to wait for the right moment to strike and avoided unnecessary risks. He was also self-critical and able to assess his own strengths and weaknesses objectively.

Psychological Resilience: Petrosian's strong nerves and ability to handle pressure made him a formidable opponent in long, intense matches. Only later, against Fischer (1971) and Korchnoi (1973) did he appear to have issues with match nerves.

References: (1) http://www.ac-iccd.org/ (Petrosian often required a hearing aid during his tournaments), (2) Wikipedia article: Tigran Petrosian

Last updated: 2024-12-03 21:46:42

Try our new games table.

 page 1 of 86; games 1-25 of 2,137  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. Petrosian vs Kopelevic 1-0241942TbilisiC97 Ruy Lopez, Closed, Chigorin
2. Petrosian vs Flohr 1-0451942SimulA52 Budapest Gambit
3. Petrosian vs V Mikenas 0-1411944Georgian ChampionshipB05 Alekhine's Defense, Modern
4. Petrosian vs N Sorokin 1-0231944Georgian ChampionshipD33 Queen's Gambit Declined, Tarrasch
5. G Bakhtadze vs Petrosian 0-1271944Georgian ChampionshipA28 English
6. Petrosian vs E Nersesov 1-0161944Georgian ChampionshipC42 Petrov Defense
7. Petrosian vs A Smorodsky ½-½401944Georgian ChampionshipA28 English
8. Agamalian vs Petrosian  0-1561944Georgian ChampionshipA45 Queen's Pawn Game
9. G Gamrekeli vs Petrosian 0-1351944Georgian ChampionshipB12 Caro-Kann Defense
10. V Malashkhia vs Petrosian 1-0191944Georgian ChampionshipB74 Sicilian, Dragon, Classical
11. Mirzayev vs Petrosian  0-1601944Georgian ChampionshipB50 Sicilian
12. Petrosian vs A Blagidze  0-1401944Georgian ChampionshipE64 King's Indian, Fianchetto, Yugoslav System
13. V Sereda vs Petrosian  ½-½431944Georgian ChampionshipD18 Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, Dutch
14. Petrosian vs V Tsintsadze 0-1221944Georgian ChampionshipB83 Sicilian
15. Petrosian vs G Kasparian  0-1501944Georgian ChampionshipE61 King's Indian
16. Lolua vs Petrosian ½-½361945TbilisiC34 King's Gambit Accepted
17. Petrosian vs Dzaparidze 1-0141945TbilisiC36 King's Gambit Accepted, Abbazia Defense
18. Petrosian vs N Sorokin 1-0391945Georgian ChampionshipD14 Queen's Gambit Declined Slav, Exchange Variation
19. Aganalian vs Petrosian 0-1341945Georgian ChampionshipA54 Old Indian, Ukrainian Variation, 4.Nf3
20. Petrosian vs V Korolkov 1-0181945LeningradE10 Queen's Pawn Game
21. Petrosian vs A Reshko 1-0391945LeningradC07 French, Tarrasch
22. Petrosian vs Y Rudakov 1-0321945LeningradD10 Queen's Gambit Declined Slav
23. Petrosian vs Zeinalli 1-0201945LeningradA33 English, Symmetrical
24. V Sereda vs Petrosian 0-1571945Georgian ChampionshipA49 King's Indian, Fianchetto without c4
25. Petrosian vs Kelendzheridze 1-0191945Training TournamentC17 French, Winawer, Advance
 page 1 of 86; games 1-25 of 2,137  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Petrosian wins | Petrosian loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 61 OF 92 ·  Later Kibitzing>
Jul-28-08  Hesam7: <keypusher: Petrosian was apparently very upset that he had offered a draw to Keres in a favorable position in the last cycle.>

It is ironic that the one game Fischer offered as evidence of collusion might be the only competitive game between the pact!

Jul-29-08  RookFile: But that's the point. It was agreed drawn when one side had a clear advantage.
Jul-29-08  Hesam7: <RookFile: But that's the point. It was agreed drawn when one side had a clear advantage.>

Nobody is disputing that, but Fischer's argument was that this was proof they had arranged this game.

Jul-29-08  Petrosianic: If anything, it proves the exact opposite, because Fischer omitted key facts when he told the story.

For example, he left out the fact that there were only two original moves in the game, and that it had followed this game for the first 12 moves:

Keres vs Gurgenidze, 1959

Keres varied on the spot with 13. Qb4, which, though not obvious at first, was a bad move.

Fischer left out the fact that Keres had initially refused the draw offer and forced Black to make a move first (Black had offered the draw while he was on the move). If Keres had known how much trouble he was in, he'd have just taken the draw when offered. By the time Black found 14...a5, both players knew White was in trouble, but the draw offer was already on the table and couldn't be retracted.

Obviously if the game had been pre-arranged, Black wouldn't have played the strongest move in that position. Play anything else and the final position is more equal.

In trying to tell us that Petrosian was too loyal to Keres to win a won game against him, Fischer left out the fact that 3 rounds later, Petrosian was offering to help Benko analyze the adjourned Benko-Keres game. So much for any great loyalty.

Of course Fischer's claim of a Mate in 5 if White played 15. Qa3 was completely imaginary. I think Timman tried to rationalize this by saying that there was a possible Mate in 5, but not a forced one, which would be really disingenuous if he'd said that. If you want to make excuses for Fischer here, it would be kinder to assume that somebody at Sports Illustrated misunderstood what he said.

You have to wonder how many people spent hours looking at that diagram looking for the Mate in 5 that was supposedly too obvious to need pointing, and failing to find it. I wonder if they ever printed a retraction? I've got the issue in question, but I don't have the next few issues after that.

Jul-29-08  RookFile: <Petrosianic: In trying to tell us that Petrosian was too loyal to Keres to win a won game against him, Fischer left out the fact that 3 rounds later, Petrosian was offering to help Benko analyze the adjourned Benko-Keres game. So much for any great loyalty. >

Well of course. The Russians weren't worried about Benko. He wasn't going anywhere. Why not help Benko if it means <you> might get a shot at the world championship.

<Petrosianic: Fischer left out the fact that Keres had initially refused the draw offer and forced Black to make a move first (Black had offered the draw while he was on the move). If Keres had known how much trouble he was in, he'd have just taken the draw when offered. By the time Black found 14...a5, both players knew White was in trouble, but the draw offer was already on the table and couldn't be retracted. >

That's not a big deal. Keres was just saying, follow the standard protocol in making your draw offer.

<Of course Fischer's claim of a Mate in 5 if White played 15. Qa3 was completely imaginary. I think Timman tried to rationalize this by saying that there was a possible Mate in 5, but not a forced one, which would be really disingenuous if he'd said that. >

I agree, there's some bad analysis. But it's sufficient to say that black took a draw in a position with a clear advantage for himself.

Jul-29-08  Riverbeast: But Fischer was a poor loser! And all the Russians who backed up his accusations were lying!
Jul-29-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <Tessie Tura> Yes, I suppose you are right. In the quote you give it looks as if Karpov is saying "proved" where a native English speaker might say "established" or even "admitted."
Jul-29-08  Riverbeast: When Karpov says 'proven', I think he means it in the sense that there is 'proof beyond a reasonable doubt'

Someone else said on these pages that we are not trying to establish a mathematical proof, we are trying to establish innocence or guilt as in a court of law.

In a court of law, if you have such strong circumstantial evidence of collusion (as the games themselves), AND the testimony of THREE people who were insiders during the whole situation and very close to the protagonists, you would have only one verdict: GUILTY AS CHARGED

This is why I consider those who still deny the collusion to be historical revisionists and desperate fanboys. As far as chess historians and the chess world as a whole is concerned, the final verdict re: collusion at Curacao has been known and accepted for decades.

Jul-29-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <petrosianic>

<This, by the way, is the answer to the trivia question that I tossed out a few days ago. Which Soviet player once motioned for Fischer to be added to a Candidates series that he hadn't qualified for?

It was Bronstein. After Bronstein qualified but was excluded from the 1965 Candidates, he petitioned FIDE to expand the Candidates from 8 to 16, and include himself, Fischer and Stein, among others. They turned it down and stuck with 8.>

Very interesting, thanks. My guesses were way off.

It's funny, I've heard that Botvinnik was to blame for the limit on participants from one country, but of course he lost the title in 1963. Unfortunately, policies (especially bad ones) often outlive their rationales.

Jul-29-08  Tessie Tura: <I've heard that Botvinnik was to blame for the limit on participants from one country, but of course he lost the title in 1963. Unfortunately, policies (especially bad ones) often outlive their rationales.>

I think Bronstein mentioned that in <The Sorcerer's Apprentice>. The "rationale" was that Botvinnik would face fewer of the toughest players that way. I don't know if the story is true or not.

(I think <Petrosianic> posted on this subject quite recently, but can't remember on which page.)

Jul-29-08  Hesam7: <Riverbeast: But Fischer was a poor loser! And all the Russians who backed up his accusations were lying!>

I do not think that the Russians were lying. Fischer's complaint was legitimate but that does not explain his poor results, as Karpov says, people do not win tournaments by drawing. I think Fischer was simply not in the same class as the top trio. Here are the results:

Petrosian 2.5 - 1.5 Fischer
Geller 2.5 - 1.5 Fischer
Keres 2.0 - 2.0 Fischer

And his results could have been much worse, in the 4th round robin Fischer had lost positions against Geller and Petrosian (Fischer vs Petrosian, 1962, Fischer vs Geller, 1962) but managed to beat Geller and draw Petrosian.

Jul-29-08  RookFile: I think 'poor results' is a little over the top. Fischer scored 8 wins and 7 losses against the world's best, with a multitude of draws, at the age of 19. He finished ahead of Korchnoi, Tal, Benko, and Filip. That's not poor.
Jul-29-08  Hesam7: <RookFile: I think 'poor results' is a little over the top. Fischer scored 8 wins and 7 losses against the world's best, with a multitude of draws, at the age of 19. He finished ahead of Korchnoi, Tal, Benko, and Filip. That's not poor.>

For somebody who claimed that he was the true challenger and the best player around that was poor. Also I would not count Tal (during that period) or Filip (Fischer scored 3 of his 8 wins against these two) among "the world's best". It was a shame that the number of Soviet players was restricted just imagine the tournament with Spassky instead of Filip!

And for the record Fischer also lost his mini-match to Korchnoi.

Jul-29-08  Hesam7: <RookFile> to add insult to the injury Fischer was also lost (or was very close to losing) in his only win against Korchnoi: Korchnoi vs Fischer, 1962 (31.Qb2+ gives White a big advantage).
Jul-29-08  Hesam7: <RookFile> this is another game from Curacao where Fischer was lost yet came back to win: Fischer vs Benko, 1962.
Jul-30-08  RookFile: It's kind of silly to talk about what could have been, instead of what the actual game results were. Tal would say in the year that he became world champion that he had a lost postion in a multitude of games that he went onto win. According to your logic, you should go out and find games that Fischer had a clear advantage in and didn't convert, and draws that he didn't hold, to give the full picture.

Whether it's Lasker, Tal, Fischer, or anybody else, the only thing that matters at the the end of the day is what result you're writing into the crosstable.

Jul-30-08  Hesam7: <RookFile> my point is that the number of losing positions you get in a tournament reflects on the quality of your play. In that respect having so many lost positions shows that Fischer's play was poor. Compare this to Petrosian who in the same tournament did not lose a single game and only had problems in one game against Benko.
Jul-30-08  Petrosianic: <my point is that the number of losing positions you get in a tournament reflects on the quality of your play. In that respect having so many lost positions shows that Fischer's play was poor.>

Fischer lost 7 games in this tournament. How many lost positions did he get into but manage to save?

At least three: the game with Benko, the second cycle game with Korchnoi, and the 4th cycle game with Geller.

Nothing else leaps immediately to mind (his 4th cycle games with Keres and Petrosian were very difficult, but I'm not sure if he was provably lost in either one). Even so, 10 lost positions in 27 rounds is an awful lot to base an "I shoulda won" campaign around. Anybody who finds that performance comparable to Fischer 1972 isn't looking very hard.

His bad form continued into his next event, the Varna Olympiad, where he only scored 50% (+3-3=5) in the Finals.

Jul-30-08  euripides: Actually, 1972 was tougher for him than this suggests. He lost two (not including the default). Some annotators have also thought he was worse or at least in considerable danger in the 4th (worse throughout the middlegame), 7th (he was mostly better but both players missed a chance for Spassky late in the game), 9th (where Spassky ducked the thematic d5), 10th (great game but I think Spassky missed a chance to simplify with advantage), 14th (a clear pawn down before Spassky's blunder), 15th (a pawn down with debatable compensation), 17th (Spassky apparently accidentally allowed a repetition) and 18th games (after pressing too hard Fischer was in real danger though maybe never lost). He also faced down potentially ferocious attacks in the 13th and 19th. No wonder he said Spassky was the toughest opponent he faced in that cycle.

But of course there is a big, big difference between being worse at some stage and losing. Fischer in 1972 was very hard to put away.

Jul-30-08  Petrosianic: <17th (Spassky apparently accidentally allowed a repetition)>

I don't think there was anything accidental about it. He couldn't find anything, and so allowed a repetition rather than lower himself to offer a draw.

There were several creative drawing methods in that match. Which was the game (Game 20? maybe) where Fischer asked the referee to check for repetition (in a position where there clearly was none), and while he was doing that, Spassky signed the scoresheets?

I think I've heard (not 100% positive about that) that Fischer never offered a draw throughout the match.

Jul-30-08  euripides: <Pet> yes, I think game 20 was the spurious claim - I think there had been a triple repetition but with different sides to move.

Aug-02-08  arsen387: QOTD
<He had a funny habit: while his opponent was pondering a move, he would now and then brush off specks of dust, real or imaginary, from the opponent's side of the chessboard. Eventually, Petrosian broke him of the habit by giving him a rap on the fingers.

Alexander Koblents >

Interesting ho was that 'He'?

Aug-04-08  HannibalSchlecter: That 'He' was the great Bobby Fischer.
Aug-05-08  arsen387: <HannibalSchlecter: That 'He' was the great Bobby Fischer> thanks for the info. Irritating habit, I think :)
Aug-31-08  myschkin: . . .

"The Fabulous 70s: 3 Chess People and a Beautiful Woman … Plus, Petrosian Tidbits"

http://nezhmet.wordpress.com/2008/0...

(by Mark Ginsburg)

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