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Max Judd
Number of games in database: 122
Years covered: 1871 to 1904
Overall record: +56 -52 =13 (51.7%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games
      Based on games in the database; may be incomplete.
      1 exhibition game, odds game, etc. is excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Ruy Lopez (24) 
    C80 C67 C65 C77 C83
 Scotch Game (10) 
    C45
 Ruy Lopez, Open (10) 
    C80 C83
 French Defense (6) 
    C01 C00 C11
 Giuoco Piano (5) 
    C50
With the Black pieces:
 Ruy Lopez (19) 
    C77 C80 C84 C62 C67
 French Defense (9) 
    C11 C01 C13 C14
 Ruy Lopez, Open (6) 
    C80
 French (5) 
    C11 C13
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   M Judd vs J A Congdon, 1874 1-0
   M Judd vs J W Baird, 1889 1-0
   Bird vs M Judd, 1876 0-1

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   New York 1889 by suenteus po 147
   Philadelphia 1876 by suenteus po 147

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MAX JUDD
(born Dec-27-1851, died May-07-1906) Poland (citizen of United States of America)

[what is this?]
Max Judd (Maximlian Judkiewich) was born in Cracow on December 27, 1851 and emigrated to America in 1862. He was an American cloak manufacturer, consul-general in Vienna, and chess master. In 1881, he lost a chess match with George Henry Mackenzie for the US chess championship (+5-7=3), held in St. Louis. In 1887 Judd defeated Albert Hodges (+5-2=2) in a non-title match, held in St, Louis. In 1888, Judd took last place in the 1st United States Chess Association tournament, held in Cincinnati (won by Jackson W Showalter). In 1890, Judd defeated US chess champion Jackson W Showalter in a match in St. Louis (+7-3=0), but did not claim the title. In 1892, Judd lost to Jackson W Showalter in a match in St, Louis (+4-7=3). In 1899, he lost a match against Harry Nelson Pillsbury in St. Louis (+1-4=0). In 1903 he won the Western Chess Congress (US Open) in Chicago. At one time he was offered to play in Ajeeb, the Automaton in New York, but he did not want to leave St. Louis. The job was then offered to Albert Hodges. Judd had the habit of sucking on a lemon when it was his opponent’s move. He was founder and president of the St. Louis Chess Club. He was appointed by President Cleveland as the U.S. Consul General to Austria. He played in six American Chess Congress tournaments. He took 4th place in the 2nd American Chess Congress in Cleveland in 1871. He took 3rd place in the 3rd American Chess Congress in Chicago in 1874. He took 2nd place in the 4th American Chess Congress in Philadelphia in 1876. He took 5th place in the 5th American Chess Congress in New York in 1880. He took 8th place in the 6th American Chess Congress in New York in 1889. He took 2nd place in the 7th American Chess Congress in St, Louis in 1904. In 1904, Judd tried to arrange the Seventh American Chess Congress in St. Louis, with the stipulation that the US title be awarded to the winner. Harry Nelson Pillsbury objected to Judd’s plans, so the stipulation was not accepted. Frank James Marshall won the 7th American Congress in St. Louis in 1904. Judd died on May 7, 1906.

 page 1 of 5; games 1-25 of 122  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves Year Event/LocaleOpening
1. M Judd vs F Elder  1-026 1871 ClevelandC01 French, Exchange
2. H Harding vs M Judd 0-119 1871 ClevelandA00 Uncommon Opening
3. M Judd vs Smith  1-053 1871 USA-02.KongressC45 Scotch Game
4. M Judd vs H Hosmer 0-139 1871 ClevelandB40 Sicilian
5. Mackenzie vs M Judd 1-063 1871 USA-02.KongressC77 Ruy Lopez
6. F Elder vs M Judd  1-028 1871 ClevelandC77 Ruy Lopez
7. M Judd vs H Harding  1-028 1871 ClevelandC70 Ruy Lopez
8. M Judd vs Mackenzie 0-149 1871 USA-02.KongressC65 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense
9. M Judd vs P Ware  1-047 1871 ClevelandC01 French, Exchange
10. A Johnston vs M Judd  0-124 1871 ClevelandB21 Sicilian, 2.f4 and 2.d4
11. M Judd vs H Hosmer  0-153 1871 ClevelandB45 Sicilian, Taimanov
12. H D Smith vs M Judd  1-039 1871 ClevelandB40 Sicilian
13. F Perrin vs M Judd  0-145 1874 ChicagoC50 Giuoco Piano
14. J A Congdon vs M Judd  0-150 1874 ChicagoC80 Ruy Lopez, Open
15. M Judd vs Mackenzie 0-151 1874 USA-03.KongressC50 Giuoco Piano
16. M Judd vs H Hosmer  0-121 1874 ChicagoC50 Giuoco Piano
17. F Bock vs M Judd  0-130 1874 ChicagoC01 French, Exchange
18. M Judd vs F Perrin 1-026 1874 ChicagoC01 French, Exchange
19. M Judd vs J A Congdon 1-050 1874 ChicagoC42 Petrov Defense
20. Mackenzie vs M Judd  ½-½44 1874 USA-03.KongressC84 Ruy Lopez, Closed
21. M Judd vs J Mason  0-148 1876 PhiladelphiaC00 French Defense
22. Albert Roberts vs M Judd  0-137 1876 USA-04.KongressC30 King's Gambit Declined
23. M Judd vs Bird 0-142 1876 Philadelphia USAC45 Scotch Game
24. M Judd vs L D Barbour  1-028 1876 USA-04.KongressA10 English
25. J Elson vs M Judd  0-128 1876 PhiladelphiaC60 Ruy Lopez
 page 1 of 5; games 1-25 of 122  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Judd wins | Judd loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
Mar-28-04
Premium Chessgames Member
  Calli: Another fine Polish master. His original name was Maximilian Judkiewicz before moving to the US.
May-01-05   WTHarvey: Here are some diagrams of critical positions in Max's games: http://www.wtharvey.com/judd.html
May-01-05   ksadler: WTHarvey, that is a great page! A good tactical refresher!
May-01-05   WTHarvey: <ksadler> Thx! The folks who produce the 'Informant' publication have a software collection of chess positions that will rate you based on how fast you solve their puzzles.

Max Judd was ranked in the top 10 in the world briefly in the 1880s.

Dec-27-05   aw1988: This player has a longer bio than ..
Jan-05-06   Ludamad: yay he's Polish, isn't Cracov spelt Kracov?
Jan-05-06
Premium Chessgames Member
  TheAlchemist: <Ludamad> I believe it's Krakow, I'm not sure
Jan-05-06   Ludamad: Yeah it is Krakow.
Oct-08-07
Premium Chessgames Member
  blair45: I moved to St Louis in 1967. I joined the St. Louis Chess Club about a year later. As the Fischer boom progressed, the St. Louis Chess club faded. I believe it folded about 1970. A new club, the Capablanca Club, grew and flourished. In those days, a chess player could go to a used book store down town, Amatin's, and buy many books from the Max Judd library -- I believe they must have been picked up in an estate sale. It must have been a very large library. In many game collections, Judd is on the losing end, but he must have been a formidable player.
Oct-08-07   Petrosianic: <In 1890, Judd defeated US chess champion Jackson W Showalter in a match in St. Louis (+7-3=0), but did not claim the title.>

This statement is iffy. It's based on what Andy Soltis wrote in his book on the US Championship. He couldn't understand how Judd could beat the US Champion and not have won the title, unless he never claimed it at all.

But Soltis didn't know about the 1891/1892 match, which Showalter won. Quite possibly Judd did claim the title in the 1890 match, and lost it back to Showalter in their second match.

Oct-07-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  Karpova: Jeremy Spinrad in an addendum on page 4 of his May 2008 edition of "New Stories about Old Chessplayers" titled <Animals and Chess>: http://www.chesscafe.com/text/spinr...

Spinrad: <The number of little mysteries like this raised by old newspaper reports is (fortunately for us amateur chess historians) very large. One surprised me, since it refers to possible United States Championship events that are not reported in Soltis & McCormick's supposedly authoritative book "The United States Chess Championship", 1845-1996. The "Chicago Daily Tribune" of May 19, 1890 reports that Max Judd and Jackson Showalter opened their contest for the "American Championship" and a purse of $500. On June 4, 1890, the same paper reports that Judd won the seventh and final game for "the chess championship of the United States." The "Brooklyn Eagle" of the same day also says this is for the championship of the United States. On July 9, the "Eagle" says that Showalter wants to challenge Judd again; it is clear in the context of the article that Judd is considered to be the champion. This match is mentioned briefly by Soltis, but he says that the title was not at stake. A second match between the same players, won by Showalter, was played over late 1891 to early 1892, and is called a championship match in the "New York Times", Jan 7, 1892, but is not mentioned by Soltis and McCormick at all.>

Oct-07-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  Karpova: Jeremy Spinrad's three articles on Max Judd from February March and April:

Part 1: http://www.chesscafe.com/text/spinr...

Part 2: http://www.chesscafe.com/text/spinr...

Part 3: http://www.chesscafe.com/text/spinr...

An excerpt from Part 1:

<Max Judd, on the other hand, was one of the most serious figures in American chess. Judd was successful in business, did as much as anyone to promote American chess at that time, and as we will see, even figured in international politics of the 19th century. The mockery seems particularly unjust, since I will argue that rather than making dubious claims for championships he was not entitled to, Judd is remarkable for not claiming a championship he 'had' earned!>

Please note, that the article I referred to in my previous post is from May 2008 and therefore more up-to-date regarding the US Championship.

Oct-07-08   Petrosianic: Yeah, the NY Times coverage is very spotty (I could only find one or two articles when I checked it several years back), but given the existence of that second Showalter-Judd match, it seems clear that the title had been on the line in the first one, and therefore that Judd was a US Title holder.
Oct-07-08   Petrosianic: <The mockery seems particularly unjust, since I will argue that rather than making dubious claims for championships he was not entitled to, Judd is remarkable for not claiming a championship he 'had' earned!>

I don't know if it's an Either/Or situation. Although it does seem that Judd beat Showalter for the title at one point, and it's not clear how strongly he pressed his claim (just because it's not remembered now doesn't mean he didn't).

But it's also true that he tried to, more or less hijack the title at least twice, once in 1887, then again in 1904. The (possible) fact that he didn't do something in 1890 doesn't mean that he never did it at any other time in his life.

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