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Paul Morphy
Morphy 
 

Number of games in database: 456
Years covered: 1848 to 1869
Overall record: +167 -25 =16 (84.1%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games in the database. 248 exhibition games, blitz/rapid, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Evans Gambit (43) 
    C51 C52
 King's Gambit Accepted (22) 
    C39 C37 C38 C35 C34
 Sicilian (14) 
    B44 B21 B40 B20
 King's Gambit Declined (13) 
    C30 C31
 Philidor's Defense (12) 
    C41
 French Defense (9) 
    C01 C00
With the Black pieces:
 King's Gambit Accepted (21) 
    C33 C39 C38
 Ruy Lopez (15) 
    C77 C65 C64 C60 C78
 Evans Gambit (13) 
    C51 C52
 Giuoco Piano (10) 
    C53 C50 C54
 Philidor's Defense (7) 
    C41
 King's Pawn Game (4) 
    C44
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   Morphy vs Duke Karl / Count Isouard, 1858 1-0
   Paulsen vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Bird vs Morphy, 1858 0-1
   J Schulten vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Morphy vs Schrufer, 1859 1-0
   Morphy vs Le Carpentier, 1849 1-0
   Morphy vs Anderssen, 1858 1-0
   N Marache vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Morphy vs A Morphy, 1850 1-0
   Morphy vs Anderssen, 1858 1-0

NOTABLE TOURNAMENTS: [what is this?]
   Morphy - Mongredien (1859)
   1st American Chess Congress, New York (1857)
   Anderssen - Morphy (1858)
   Morphy - Lowenthal (1858)
   Morphy - Harrwitz (1858)

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by Timothy Glenn Forney
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by fphaase
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by nbabcox
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by Beatlesrob
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by fredthebear
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World by Okavango
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by demirchess
   Morphy Favorites by rookchat9
   Morphy Favorites by chocobonbon
   0ZeR0's collected games volume 64 by 0ZeR0
   10 Louis leg end inspired FTB obj by fredthebear

GAMES ANNOTATED BY MORPHY: [what is this?]
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   McDonnell vs La Bourdonnais, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   >> 31 GAMES ANNOTATED BY MORPHY


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PAUL MORPHY
(born Jun-22-1837, died Jul-10-1884, 47 years old) United States of America

[what is this?]

Paul Charles Morphy
Born: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Died: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

He was the son of a successful lawyer and judge Alonzo Morphy. His uncle, Ernest Morphy, claims that no one formally taught Morphy how to play chess, but rather that he learned the rules by observing games between himself and Alonzo. When Morphy was only 12 years old, Johann Lowenthal visited New Orleans and at the behest of his father, agreed to play a casual match with the prodigy. Young Paul won 2½ to ½.

In 1857, Morphy won the 1st American Chess Congress, New York (1857) with a dominating performance. This success prompted a European trip where he met and triumphed over most of the prominent masters of the period, namely Adolf Anderssen whom he defeated +7 -2 =2 (see Anderssen - Morphy (1858)), Loewenthal in Morphy - Lowenthal (1858) and Daniel Harrwitz in Morphy - Harrwitz (1858). The tour was overshadowed, however, by his failure to secure a match with Howard Staunton. Returning to America to public acclaim, the chess world awaited his next move, but his interest in chess was fading and he returned to New Orleans to start a legal career. Attempts by Louis Paulsen and Ignatz von Kolisch to arrange matches were rebuffed and all subequent rumours of a public return came to nothing. Morphy still played occasionally in private, especially with his friend Charles Maurian.

Although the official title of World Champion did not exist in his time, Morphy was and is widely regarded as the strongest player of his day. Even today his games are studied for their principles of open lines and quick development, and his influence on the modern game is undeniable. Mikhail Botvinnik wrote of his influence: "His mastery of open positions was so vast that little new has been learned about such positions after him."

User: jessicafischerqueen 's YouTube documentary of Paul Morphy: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?lis...

Lucas Anderson's YouTube video 'The Life and Chess of Paul Morphy': https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zy6...

Unpublished manuscript of the "The First and Last Days of Paul Morphy", written by his friend and neighbor Constant Beauvais: https://web.archive.org/web/2017103...

Notes: Paul also played team chess with Morphy / Barnes and Morphy / Mongredien, and edited a chess column in the New York Ledger. / Games not actually played by Paul Morphy Game Collection: Not Really Morphy

Wikipedia article: Paul Morphy

Last updated: 2025-08-31 18:43:47

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 page 1 of 19; games 1-25 of 456  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0181848Casual gameC33 King's Gambit Accepted
2. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0311848Casual gameC23 Bishop's Opening
3. Morphy vs NN 1-0191848New OrleansC20 King's Pawn Game
4. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0291849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
5. Morphy vs E Rousseau 1-0171849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
6. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1231849New OrleansC38 King's Gambit Accepted
7. Morphy vs NN 1-0201849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
8. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0111849Casual gameC35 King's Gambit Accepted, Cunningham
9. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0461849New OrleansC51 Evans Gambit
10. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0211849New OrleansC51 Evans Gambit
11. Morphy vs Le Carpentier 1-0131849Rook odds game000 Chess variants
12. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0231849Casual gameC40 King's Knight Opening
13. Morphy vs E Morphy 1-0201849New OrleansC53 Giuoco Piano
14. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0151849New Orleans mC51 Evans Gambit
15. Morphy vs E Rousseau 1-0231849New OrleansC50 Giuoco Piano
16. Morphy vs NN 1-0181850Odds game (Ra1)000 Chess variants
17. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0181850Odds game (Ra1)000 Chess variants
18. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1141850Casual gameC02 French, Advance
19. Morphy vs NN 1-0141850Casual gameC44 King's Pawn Game
20. NN vs Morphy 0-1241850Casual gameC65 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense
21. Morphy vs Lowenthal 1-0551850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
22. Morphy vs Lowenthal 1-0491850Casual gameB21 Sicilian, 2.f4 and 2.d4
23. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1251852Casual gameC52 Evans Gambit
24. E Morphy vs Morphy 1-0371854Casual gameC51 Evans Gambit
25. Maurian vs Morphy 0-1191854Odds game (Ra8,Pf7)000 Chess variants
 page 1 of 19; games 1-25 of 456  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Morphy wins | Morphy loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 212 OF 284 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-29-08  RookFile: <I know modern 1700 players who play indistinguishably from a grandmaster for the first 20 moves or more.>

Nah. You can do something strange, like answer 1. e4 with ....b6, or with white play 1. Nf3 d5 2. b3 c5 3. e4, and they don't have any idea what to do.

May-29-08  Amulet: Chessplayers of all ages, gathered together, Paul Morphy would be King.
Jun-01-08  Blackqueen: He played moves which look like blunders,but infact are really good traps
Jun-01-08  Knight13: <Amulet: Chessplayers of all ages, gathered together, Paul Morphy would be King.> Yeah, king of of dead chess players.
Jun-02-08  whiteshark: "Despite the universal opinion, resulting from ignorance, Morphy's main strength lay not in his combinational gifts, but in his positional play and general style. Combinations can only be carried out when the position allows."

-- Capablanca

Jun-02-08  Knight13: <Despite the universal opinion, resulting from ignorance, Morphy's main strength lay not in his combinational gifts, but in his positional play and general style. Combinations can only be carried out when the position allows." -- Capablanca> Positional style? yeah right. I don't see any positional style in Morphy. All I see is him pulling off impossible-to-see tactical combinations. I'm a positional player myself and I don't sense any of positional play in his games.
Jun-02-08  nimh: By today's standards his style is of course not very positional, but at his time it was deemed quite conservative.

<Today many amateurs think of Morphy as a dazzling combinative player, who excelled in sacrificing his Queen and checkmating his opponent a few brilliant moves later. One reason for this impression is that chess books like to reprint his flashy games. There are games where he did do this, but it was not the basis of his chess style. In fact, the masters of his day considered his style to be on the conservative side compared to some of the flashy older masters like La Bourdonnais and even Anderssen.

Morphy can be considered the first modern player. Some of his games do not look modern because he did not need the sort of slow positional systems that modern grandmasters use, or that Staunton, Paulsen, and later Steinitz developed. His opponents had not yet mastered the open game, so he played it against them and he preferred open positions because they brought quick success. He played open games almost to perfection, but he also could handle any sort of position, having a complete grasp of chess that was years ahead of his time. Morphy was a player who intuitively knew what was best, and in this regard he has been likened to Capablanca.>

Jun-05-08  Amulet: <Knight13: Positional style? yeah right. I don't see any positional style in Morphy. All I see is him pulling off impossible-to-see tactical combinations. I'm a positional player myself and I don't sense any of positional play in his games> Are you an authority on this game of chess to even say emphatically that there is no positional play in Morphy's games? or are you just a delusional patzer?
Jun-05-08  Amulet: <Knight13>

How would explain the fact that the great Andersen, who performed that great Immortal game, which underlies subtle chess moves, lost to Morphy in match play?

Jun-05-08  SatelliteDan: What is positional play?
Jun-10-08  Pawn Ambush: I noticed in morphy's games he was never quick to make and obvious capture nor was he as likely to move a threatened piece.
Jun-10-08  RookFile: Lasker described Morphy as a rational player, which I think is an accurate description.
Jun-10-08  FHBradley: <Knight13> Read any reasonable description of Morphy's style, and the truth should dawn on you in almost no time.
Jun-10-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <knight 13><Positional style? yeah right. I don't see any positional style in Morphy. >

Here's a good example. Morphy vs Lowenthal, 1858

Jun-10-08  Whitehat1963: <I'm a positional player myself and I don't sense any of positional play in his games.>

Another example:
Morphy vs De Riviere, 1863

Jun-10-08  Whitehat1963: And how about this for a positional masterpiece?

Morphy vs Paulsen, 1857

Jun-10-08  RookFile: Also, this one. Morphy's manuever on the g file was decades ahead of his time, and was a plan that Fischer frequently used:

Paulsen vs Morphy, 1857

Jun-10-08  JuliusCaesar: 'Positional' is one of the most misunderstood words in chess. As Reshevsky pointed out, it simply means that you play in accordance with the position at hand. Take many lines of the King's Indian, for example. Black has to react vigorously on the K-side otherwise he risks being overrun on the q-side and in the centre. This vigorous activity often leads to sharp, sacrificial play – in line with the requirements of the position. Many call a slow, maneuvering game positional chess. Sometimes it is, sometimes it isn't. And most hail Karpov as the supreme 'positional' player due to his slow, patient style. However, in the end he he was bested by Kasparov, who turned out to be more positional even than his great rival. Morphy was the first truly positional player. His understanding of chess was to a large extent codified by Steinitz. To call him a tactician is just silly and reveals an utter ignorance of chess.
Jun-10-08  Riverbeast: In higher level games, most tactical finishes arise from strong positional play...the tactics are usually the 'coup de grace'
Jun-10-08  veigaman: " His main strengh was not his ability to make combination, his main strengh was his positional game and his style"...capablanca

Jun-11-08
Premium Chessgames Member
  An Englishman: Good Evening: Here's a subject for debate--is the Morphy Defense (3...a6 in the Ruy Lopez) the most important innovation in chess history?
Jun-11-08  micartouse: <An Englishman> I honestly always thought 3 ... a6 in particular was a move that people played just because everyone else does. A lemming move!
Jun-11-08  Zygalski: Do you mean the Stanley Defence first played in 1845? E Rousseau vs C Stanley, 1845
Jun-11-08  RookFile: That happens. Take the 'NimzoIndian':

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4.

The dirty little secret is that Alekhine was playing this as early as Nimzo was, with far better results than Nimzo ever had, and in a much more modern style.

As befits the rules of chess openings, it was named after Nimzo rather than Alekine.

Jun-11-08  euripides: First Nimzos by Nimzo and Alekhine in this database:

Janowski vs Nimzowitsch, 1914

As far as I remember, Keene says this was the first use of the 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 order, though it had been played before by transposition.

Rubinstein vs Alekhine, 1914

So it looks as if Alekhine got the idea from Nimzowitsch and used it in the same tournament.

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