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Paul Morphy
Morphy 
 

Number of games in database: 456
Years covered: 1848 to 1869
Overall record: +167 -25 =16 (84.1%)*
   * Overall winning percentage = (wins+draws/2) / total games in the database. 248 exhibition games, blitz/rapid, odds games, etc. are excluded from this statistic.

MOST PLAYED OPENINGS
With the White pieces:
 Evans Gambit (43) 
    C51 C52
 King's Gambit Accepted (22) 
    C39 C37 C38 C35 C34
 Sicilian (14) 
    B44 B21 B40 B20
 King's Gambit Declined (13) 
    C30 C31
 Philidor's Defense (12) 
    C41
 French Defense (9) 
    C01 C00
With the Black pieces:
 King's Gambit Accepted (21) 
    C33 C39 C38
 Ruy Lopez (15) 
    C77 C65 C64 C60 C78
 Evans Gambit (13) 
    C51 C52
 Giuoco Piano (10) 
    C53 C50 C54
 Philidor's Defense (7) 
    C41
 King's Pawn Game (4) 
    C44
Repertoire Explorer

NOTABLE GAMES: [what is this?]
   Morphy vs Duke Karl / Count Isouard, 1858 1-0
   Paulsen vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Bird vs Morphy, 1858 0-1
   J Schulten vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Morphy vs Schrufer, 1859 1-0
   Morphy vs Le Carpentier, 1849 1-0
   Morphy vs Anderssen, 1858 1-0
   N Marache vs Morphy, 1857 0-1
   Morphy vs A Morphy, 1850 1-0
   Morphy vs Anderssen, 1858 1-0

NOTABLE TOURNAMENTS: [what is this?]
   Morphy - Mongredien (1859)
   1st American Chess Congress, New York (1857)
   Anderssen - Morphy (1858)
   Morphy - Lowenthal (1858)
   Morphy - Harrwitz (1858)

GAME COLLECTIONS: [what is this?]
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by Timothy Glenn Forney
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by fphaase
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by nbabcox
   Paul Morphy -The Great Chess Genius by Beatlesrob
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by fredthebear
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World by Okavango
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by rpn4
   Paul Morphy Conquered the World Says Fredthebear by demirchess
   Morphy Favorites by rookchat9
   Morphy Favorites by chocobonbon
   0ZeR0's collected games volume 64 by 0ZeR0
   10 Louis leg end inspired FTB obj by fredthebear

GAMES ANNOTATED BY MORPHY: [what is this?]
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   McDonnell vs La Bourdonnais, 1834
   La Bourdonnais vs McDonnell, 1834
   >> 31 GAMES ANNOTATED BY MORPHY


Search Sacrifice Explorer for Paul Morphy
Search Google for Paul Morphy

PAUL MORPHY
(born Jun-22-1837, died Jul-10-1884, 47 years old) United States of America

[what is this?]

Paul Charles Morphy
Born: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Died: New Orleans, Louisiana, United States

He was the son of a successful lawyer and judge Alonzo Morphy. His uncle, Ernest Morphy, claims that no one formally taught Morphy how to play chess, but rather that he learned the rules by observing games between himself and Alonzo. When Morphy was only 12 years old, Johann Lowenthal visited New Orleans and at the behest of his father, agreed to play a casual match with the prodigy. Young Paul won 2½ to ½.

In 1857, Morphy won the 1st American Chess Congress, New York (1857) with a dominating performance. This success prompted a European trip where he met and triumphed over most of the prominent masters of the period, namely Adolf Anderssen whom he defeated +7 -2 =2 (see Anderssen - Morphy (1858)), Loewenthal in Morphy - Lowenthal (1858) and Daniel Harrwitz in Morphy - Harrwitz (1858). The tour was overshadowed, however, by his failure to secure a match with Howard Staunton. Returning to America to public acclaim, the chess world awaited his next move, but his interest in chess was fading and he returned to New Orleans to start a legal career. Attempts by Louis Paulsen and Ignatz von Kolisch to arrange matches were rebuffed and all subequent rumours of a public return came to nothing. Morphy still played occasionally in private, especially with his friend Charles Maurian.

Although the official title of World Champion did not exist in his time, Morphy was and is widely regarded as the strongest player of his day. Even today his games are studied for their principles of open lines and quick development, and his influence on the modern game is undeniable. Mikhail Botvinnik wrote of his influence: "His mastery of open positions was so vast that little new has been learned about such positions after him."

User: jessicafischerqueen 's YouTube documentary of Paul Morphy: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?lis...

Lucas Anderson's YouTube video 'The Life and Chess of Paul Morphy': https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zy6...

Unpublished manuscript of the "The First and Last Days of Paul Morphy", written by his friend and neighbor Constant Beauvais: https://web.archive.org/web/2017103...

Notes: Paul also played team chess with Morphy / Barnes and Morphy / Mongredien, and edited a chess column in the New York Ledger. / Games not actually played by Paul Morphy Game Collection: Not Really Morphy

Wikipedia article: Paul Morphy

Last updated: 2025-08-31 18:43:47

Try our new games table.

 page 1 of 19; games 1-25 of 456  PGN Download
Game  ResultMoves YearEvent/LocaleOpening
1. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0181848Casual gameC33 King's Gambit Accepted
2. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0311848Casual gameC23 Bishop's Opening
3. Morphy vs NN 1-0191848New OrleansC20 King's Pawn Game
4. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0291849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
5. Morphy vs E Rousseau 1-0171849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
6. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1231849New OrleansC38 King's Gambit Accepted
7. Morphy vs NN 1-0201849Casual gameC39 King's Gambit Accepted
8. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0111849Casual gameC35 King's Gambit Accepted, Cunningham
9. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0461849New OrleansC51 Evans Gambit
10. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0211849New OrleansC51 Evans Gambit
11. Morphy vs Le Carpentier 1-0131849Rook odds game000 Chess variants
12. Morphy vs J McConnell 1-0231849Casual gameC40 King's Knight Opening
13. Morphy vs E Morphy 1-0201849New OrleansC53 Giuoco Piano
14. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0151849New Orleans mC51 Evans Gambit
15. Morphy vs E Rousseau 1-0231849New OrleansC50 Giuoco Piano
16. Morphy vs NN 1-0181850Odds game (Ra1)000 Chess variants
17. Morphy vs A Morphy 1-0181850Odds game (Ra1)000 Chess variants
18. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1141850Casual gameC02 French, Advance
19. Morphy vs NN 1-0141850Casual gameC44 King's Pawn Game
20. NN vs Morphy 0-1241850Casual gameC65 Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense
21. Morphy vs Lowenthal 1-0551850Casual gameC42 Petrov Defense
22. Morphy vs Lowenthal 1-0491850Casual gameB21 Sicilian, 2.f4 and 2.d4
23. J McConnell vs Morphy 0-1251852Casual gameC52 Evans Gambit
24. E Morphy vs Morphy 1-0371854Casual gameC51 Evans Gambit
25. Maurian vs Morphy 0-1191854Odds game (Ra8,Pf7)000 Chess variants
 page 1 of 19; games 1-25 of 456  PGN Download
  REFINE SEARCH:   White wins (1-0) | Black wins (0-1) | Draws (1/2-1/2) | Morphy wins | Morphy loses  

Kibitzer's Corner
< Earlier Kibitzing  · PAGE 240 OF 284 ·  Later Kibitzing>
May-17-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  tamar: <perfidious> Knaak gives solid notes to the games he does annotate, but nothing extra.

He does not come to grips why Morphy was so dominant in his time, noting that he could not find any great difference in combinative ability, endgame play, or understanding of position play that set him apart from players of this time.

His insight that Morphy always improved in matches I found valuable, but he can not explain it further, except that Morphy had better openings, and he speculates that perhaps his adversaries were affected by his rapid rate of play.

May-17-11  Calli: <tamar> Doesn't make too much sense to me. "Morphy had better openings" because he analysed them himself and saw the improvements. Sort of indicates he was better tactically and probably positionally than the rest.
May-17-11  Pygeum Lycopene: <tamar> No, it was a different account, mentioning Harrwitz laughing and patting Paul on the head after one of his wins. i'm sure it was a link on this board, can't find it now. sorry. anyway...

<The case for Morphy against Van Wely is that Morphy belongs to a different order of player than Van Wely.>

You knew what i was trying to get at more than i did. thanks.

May-18-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <Pygeum>

Is this it?

<Throughout the game the latter displayed an attitude of amused contempt. When Morphy resigned, he rose from his chair, took Morphy’s hand and felt his pulse. Then he said laughingly to the crowd: "Well, this is most astonishing. His pulse does not beat any faster than if he had won the game!">

May-18-11  MaxxLange: That doesn't even make sense. Does your pulse rate go up when you lose a game? I don't think mine does.

What a jerk. At least he got hustled into playing a match, though.

May-18-11  ARubinstein: <But, for the sake of us Morphy fans, you could stop writing how he would lose to IMs too, lol.>

Yeah, I'll stop harping on it. Anyway I consider myself a Morphy fan even if I don't come across as one in these debates. I love his games and I'm astounded by how good he was in a time with relatively little chess knowledge. I just don't believe it's possible to fairly compare players across so many generations. Morphy was clearly a better player *for his time* than Van Wely (or most other GMs) is for his time, and of course Morphy is a much more important figure in chess history. For me that's enough. Unfortunately Morphy's career was all too short to support conclusions such as Fischer's, and the popularity and viability of professional chess was still in its infancy.

Thanks for the complete Smyslov quote. I can't deny that some of the greatest legends of chess history seem to suggest that Morphy was already on the level of top players from a century later. Of all the praise perhaps Botvinnik's comment about Morphy's genius for *open games* is what I can agree with the most:

"To this day Morphy is an unsurpassed master of the open games. Just how great was his significance is evident from the fact that after Morphy nothing substantially new has been created in this field." -- Botvinnik

May-20-11  SmotheredKing: I think one argument people sometimes take into account is the lack of time controls during this time. Morphy was known for playing an exceptionally fast game as compared to his opponents, but none of them had to worry about time trouble.

This brings us to an interesting if entirely hypothetical question: how would Morphy fare in blitz play?? (given some basic opening book against modern systems)

May-22-11  Everett: Well, in his day obviously he would have crushed everyone else in blitz.

Actually, did any of his opponents also play rapidly, like Barnes?

Jun-11-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  perfidious: Forgive me if this excerpt from another page has already been transcribed here, but I thought it most interesting with regard to some of the great champions of the past:

<OJC: An interesting take on the players from different eras problem: < From every point of view therefore the modern player is far better equipped than the older players; he has a wider range of understanding of different types of strategy, he knows far more about the openings, and he is better equipped technically. Can we then say with confidence that Botvinnik, Smyslov, or Tal would beat any former champion?

The best way to try to answer this is not as is usually done, to ask how Morphy would do if he were transplanted to the present, when the issue is confused by the feeling that Morphy would rapidly absorb our present knowledge. It is rather to ask how Tal (or Botvinnik or Smyslov) would do if he were transplanted to the past. I personally can feel no doubt at all that any of these three would in these circumstances have demolished with comparative ease all players before Lasker: their advantage in knowledge and technique would have been decisive. With Lasker, however, I must confess to doubt. This extraordinary genius, with his indomitable fighting spirit, resourcefulness, and psychological insight into his opponents' weaknesses, coped without any apparent difficulty with all the technical innovations in his lifetime - even when he was far past the normal prime of life for a chess-player. The Reti school which he first met when in his middle fifties caused him no trouble at all. I believe his knowledge was near enough to that of the moderns for his genius to carry him through. With somewhat less confidence I belive the same about Capablanca and Alekhine.

To sum up, my views are as follows. The general level of play among the great masters is far higher today than ever before, and no player before Lasker had a combination of knowledge and genius sufficient to enable him to compete on level terms with the moderns. With Lasker, Capablanca, and Alekhine, however, a level was reached which has not yet been surpassed - though it has been equalled by the 1948 Botvinnik and may again be equalled by (or even surpassed?) by Tal or Fischer. If this view is wrong, then it errs in overrating the older players. I rather hope it is wrong; I don't like to think that chess has been played as well as it ever can be. >

- Excerpt from: "Ancient and Modern" (network three radio magazine broadcast), C.H. O'D. Alexander, 1960, presented as an essay in the interesting collection "Chess Treasury of the Air" ed. T. Tiller.>

Jun-16-11  TheFocus: Author and historian Nick Pope discovers unknown Paul Morphy game!!

http://www.chessarch.com/library/00...

Jun-16-11  parisattack: A great find! The website, BTW, is a treasure trove for chess history.
Jun-16-11  TheFocus: <parisattack> I agree. After being dormant for so long, it is good to see www.chessarch.com getting active again.

Nick Pope has been posting in my Forum.

Jun-16-11  parisattack: As you know <TheFocus> chess research - while fun and rewarding - is real work. A great deal of research may go into what *looks* like a minor find. Ergo, a small two or three paragraph report may well have involved weeks or even months of hunting, sorting and sifting.
Jun-16-11  TheFocus: And when you do make a find, it can be such a rush!

One day, I had been sitting viewing microfilm in the library for hours. And then, boom!, there was my first major discovery of previously unknown material.

When I realized what I had found, I just sat there for several minutes staring at the screen. My head felt foggy, tunnel vision set in, and I could hear nothing but my own breathing. My body felt drained, or, like I had been punched in the gut.

And then the world slowly came back, and I realized that I had actually discovered something everyone else had missed. It had sat in plain view for over 50 years.

Then, you know that all the work was worth it.

Jun-16-11  fab4: <TheFocus:>

What exactly are you on about ?

Just be more transparent.

Why be all cute about it ?

Jun-16-11  Calli: Each discovery brings new questions. In this case, Chess Monthly published a table of Morphy's scores against his Chess Congress opponents in Dec 1857 and a revised list in Jan 1858. Both listed Morphy's score against Lichtenhein as 4 wins and three draws. As this data almost surely came from Morphy himself, it is difficult to explain a 5th win.
Jun-16-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: Lawson noted that "Although it is now known to be incomplete, the January 1858 issue of the Chess Monthly printed the following list of games played by Morphy (including tournament games) during his stay in New York..."

Lawson says "now known to be incomplete" because of games he discovered and published in 8/1978 and 9/1979 BCMs which were not counted in those Chess Monthly totals. So those totals are not accurate which probably means they didn't come from Morphy (as I'm sure he knew the correct totals).

Morphy's contributions to the Chess Monthly consisted mostly of supplying suggestions and annotations to games (I have a list I copied from the JGW collection that identifies the games Morphy annotated for the 1858 and 1859 volumes).

Jun-16-11  TheFocus: <fab4> <TheFocus:>

<What exactly are you on about ?

Just be more transparent.

Why be all cute about it ?>

I am saving the material for my Fischer book. I have several things that have not appeared in any other books about Fischer, and don't plan on releasing those either.

I guess you will have to wait for it.

But <parisattack> knows what my big find was. I sent him a copy.

<Why be all cute about it ?>

Maybe <paris> and I are friends and we were just sharing something here.

Why should you be a prick about it?

Jun-16-11  parisattack: I think you have to be a collector and/or a researcher to appreciate not only the joy of <TheFocus>es find - but also the value of it.

Having collected chess literature for nearly half-century and done a mite of research myself I can promise you his Fischer tome will have many surprises and definitely rock the space.

Jun-16-11  TheFocus: <fab4> I apologize about the "prick" remark.

That was uncalled for.

Jun-17-11  fab4: <TheFocus: <fab4> I apologize about the "prick" remark. That was uncalled for>

Hey no probs. And anyway sometimes I deserve it ! lol.

This book sounds interesting. When it gets published I will grab a copy for sure.

Jun-17-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  jnpope: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphy...

I'm a 4. Shocking.

Jun-17-11  parisattack: < jnpope: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphy... I'm a 4. Shocking.>

I am a lowly 5 :(

Jun-17-11  TheFocus: I notice that Reference #4 is our own <FSR> NM Frederick Rhine.
Jun-17-11
Premium Chessgames Member
  keypusher: <parisattack: < jnpope: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphy... I'm a 4. Shocking.>

I am a lowly 5 :(>

I am a four, but via simuls, which I suppose shouldn't count.

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